IUkuxhumana kwe-IO kwamarobhothi ezimbonikufana nebhuloho elibalulekile elixhumanisa amarobhothi nomhlaba wangaphandle, elidlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwezimboni zesimanje.
1. Ukubaluleka kanye neqhaza
Ezimeni zokukhiqiza ezisebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo zezimboni, amarobhothi ezimboni awavamile ukusebenza ewodwa futhi ngokuvamile adinga ukusebenzelana okuseduze namadivayisi amaningi angaphandle. Ukuxhumana kwe-IO sekuyindlela ewumgogodla yokufeza lo msebenzi wokubambisana. Ivumela amarobhothi ukuthi abone ngokujulile izinguquko ezicashile endaweni yangaphandle, athole amasignali avela kuzinzwa ezihlukahlukene, amaswishi, izinkinobho, namanye amadivaysi ngesikhathi esifanele, njengokungathi anomuzwa ojulile "wokuthinta" kanye "nokuzwa". Ngesikhathi esifanayo, irobhothi lingakwazi ukulawula ngokunembile ama-actuator angaphandle, izibani zenkomba, namanye amadivaysi ngokusebenzisa amasiginali okukhiphayo, esebenza “njengomlawuli” olawulayo oqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kahle nokuhlelekile kwayo yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza.
2. Incazelo enemininingwane yesiginali yokufaka
Isignali yenzwa:
Inzwa ye-Proximity: Uma into isondela, inzwa ye-proximity ibona ngokushesha lolu shintsho bese ifaka isignali irobhothi. Lokhu kufana "namehlo" erobhothi, angakwazi ngokunembile ukuma kwezinto endaweni ezungezile ngaphandle kokuwathinta. Isibonelo, kulayini wokukhiqiza wokuhlanganisa imoto, izinzwa eziseduze zingathola indawo yezingxenye futhi zazise amarobhothi ngokushesha ukuze enze imisebenzi yokubamba nokufaka.
Inzwa ye-Photoelectric: idlulisa amasignali ngokuthola izinguquko ekukhanyeni. Embonini yokupakisha, izinzwa ze-photoelectric zingakwazi ukubona ukudlula kwemikhiqizo futhi zicuphe amarobhothi ukuthi enze ukupakisha, ukuvala, nokunye ukusebenza. Ihlinzeka ngamarobhothi ngendlela esheshayo nenembile yokubona, iqinisekisa ukunemba nokuzinza kwenqubo yokukhiqiza.
Inzwa yokucindezela: Ifakwe ku-fixture noma ibhentshi lomsebenzi werobhothi, izodlulisela amasignali okucindezela irobhothi uma ingaphansi kwengcindezi ethile. Ngokwesibonelo, kuukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi, izinzwa zokucindezela zingakwazi ukubona amandla okubamba amarobhothi ezingxenyeni, ukugwema ukulimala kwezingxenye ngenxa yamandla amakhulu.
Izinkinobho nokushintsha amasignali:
Inkinobho yokuqala: Ngemva kokuba u-opharetha ecindezele inkinobho yokuqala, isignali idluliselwa irobhothi, futhi irobhothi liqala ukwenza uhlelo olusethiwe. Kufana nokunikeza 'i-battle order' irobhothi ukuze lingene emsebenzini ngokushesha.
Inkinobho yokumisa: Uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo noma ukukhiqizwa kudinga ukumiswa okwesikhashana, opharetha ucindezela inkinobho yokumisa, futhi irobhothi limisa ngokushesha isenzo samanje. Le nkinobho ifana "nebhuleki" yerobhothi, iqinisekisa ukuphepha nokulawulwa kwenqubo yokukhiqiza.
Inkinobho yokusetha kabusha: Esimeni lapho irobhothi lingasebenzi kahle noma iphutha lohlelo, ukucindezela inkinobho yokusetha kabusha kungabuyisela irobhothi esimweni salo sokuqala futhi kuqalise kabusha ukusebenza. Inikeza indlela yokulungisa amarobhothi ukuze aqinisekise ukuqhubeka kokukhiqiza.
3, Ukuhlaziywa Kwesiginali Yokuphuma
Lawula i-actuator:
Ukulawulwa kwezimoto: Irobhothi lingakhipha amasignali ukuze lilawule isivinini, isiqondiso, futhi liqale ukuma kwemoto. Kumasistimu wezinto ezizenzakalelayo, amarobhothi ashayela amabhande okuthutha ngokulawula amamotho ukuze awafinyeleleukuthuthwa ngokushesha kanye nokuhlelwa kwezimpahla. Amasignali ahlukene okulawula izimoto angafinyelela isivinini esihlukile kanye nokulungiswa kwezikhombisi-ndlela ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezihlukahlukene zokukhiqiza.
Ukulawula isilinda: Lawula ukunwetshwa nokufinyezwa kwesilinda ngokukhipha amasignali omfutho womoya. Embonini yokwenza imishini, amarobhothi angakwazi ukulawula izinto eziqhutshwa ngamasilinda ukuze abambe noma akhulule izingcezu zokusebenza, aqinisekise ukuzinza nokunemba kwenqubo yokwenza imishini. Ukusabela okusheshayo kanye namandla anamandla okukhipha isilinda kwenza irobhothi likwazi ukuqedela ngempumelelo imisebenzi ehlukahlukene yokusebenza eyinkimbinkimbi.
I-electromagnetic valve control: isetshenziselwa ukulawula ukuvuleka/ukuvala uketshezi. Ekukhiqizeni amakhemikhali, amarobhothi angalawula ukugeleza nesiqondiso soketshezi noma amagesi emapayipini ngokulawula amavalvu e-solenoid, azuze ukulawulwa kokukhiqiza okunembayo. Ukuthembeka nekhono lokushintsha ngokushesha lama-valve e-solenoid linikeza indlela yokulawula eguquguqukayo yamarobhothi.
Isibani sesikhombi sesimo:
Isibani senkomba yokusebenza: Uma irobhothi lisebenza, ukukhanya kwenkomba yokusebenza kuyakhanyiswa ukuze kuboniswe ngokubonakalayo isimo sokusebenza serobhothi ku-opharetha. Lokhu kufana "nokushaya kwenhliziyo" kwerobhothi, okuvumela abantu ukuthi balandelele ukusebenza kwalo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Imibala ehlukene noma amaza akhanyayo angabonisa izimo zokusebenza ezihlukene, njengokusebenza okuvamile, ukusebenza kwesivinini esiphansi, isixwayiso sephutha, njll.
Isibani sesikhombi sephutha: Uma irobhothi lingasebenzi kahle, isibani sesikhombi sephutha sizokhanya ukuze sikhumbuze opharetha ukuthi asiphathe ngesikhathi. Ngasikhathi sinye, amarobhothi angasiza abasebenzi bokunakekela ukuthi bathole ngokushesha futhi baxazulule izinkinga ngokukhipha amasiginali wekhodi yephutha ethile. Ukusabela okufika ngesikhathi kokukhanya kwenkomba yephutha kunganciphisa ngempumelelo isikhathi sokuphazamiseka kokukhiqiza futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.
4. Ukuhumusha ngokujulile izindlela zokuxhumana
I-IO yedijithali:
Ukudluliswa kwesignali okuhlukile: I-Digital IO imelela izifunda zesignali kumazinga aphezulu (1) naphansi (0), okuyenza ifaneleke ukudlulisa amasignali amaswishi alula. Isibonelo, emigqeni yokuhlanganisa ezenzakalelayo, i-IO yedijithali ingasetshenziswa ukuthola ukuba khona noma ukungabikho kwezingxenye, isimo sokuvula nokuvala sezinto ezilungiswayo, njalonjalo. Izinzuzo zayo wukuba lula, ukwethembeka, isivinini sokuphendula esisheshayo, nokufaneleka kwezimo ezidinga ukusebenza kwesikhathi sangempela okuphezulu.
Ikhono lokulwa nokuphazamiseka: Amasignali edijithali anamandla aqinile okumelana nokuphazamiseka futhi awathintwa kalula umsindo wangaphandle. Ezindaweni zezimboni, kunemithombo ehlukahlukene yokuphazanyiswa kukagesi kanye nomsindo, futhi i-IO yedijithali ingaqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwesignali okunembile futhi ithuthukise ukuzinza kwesistimu.
I-IO efanisiwe:
Ukudluliswa kwesignali okuqhubekayo: I-Analog IO ingadlulisela amasiginali ashintshashintshayo, afana ne-voltage noma amasignali amanje. Lokhu kuyenza ifaneleke kakhulu ukudlulisa idatha ye-analog, njengamasiginali avela kuzinzwa zokushisa, ingcindezi, ukugeleza, njll. Embonini yokucubungula ukudla, i-analog IO ingathola amasignali ezinzwa zokushisa, ilawule izinga lokushisa kuhhavini, futhi uqinisekise ukubhaka. izinga lokudla.
Ukunemba Nokulungiswa: Ukunemba nokulungiswa kwe-analog IO kuncike ebangeni lesiginali kanye nenani lamabhithi okuguqulwa kwe-analog-to-digital. Ukunemba okuphezulu nokulungiswa kunganikeza ukulinganisa nokulawula okunembe kakhudlwana, kuhlangabezane nezimfuneko eziqinile zemboni zezinqubo zokukhiqiza.
Ukuxhumana kwe-Fieldbus:
Ukudluliswa kwedatha yesivinini esikhulu: Amabhasi asezindaweni ezifana ne-Profibus, i-DeviceNet, njll. angafinyelela ukudluliswa kwedatha okunesivinini esikhulu nokuthembekile. Isekela amanethiwekhi okuxhumana ayinkimbinkimbi phakathi kwamadivayisi amaningi, okuvumela amarobhothi ukushintshanisa idatha yesikhathi sangempela namadivayisi afana nama-PLC, izinzwa, nama-actuator. Embonini yokukhiqiza izimoto, ukuxhumana kwe-fieldbus kungafinyelela ukuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo phakathi kwamarobhothi nezinye izinto zokusebenza emgqeni wokukhiqiza, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nekhwalithi.
Ukulawulwa okusabalalisa: Ukuxhumana kwe-Fieldbus kusekela ukulawula okusabalalisiwe, okusho ukuthi amadivayisi amaningi angasebenza ndawonye ukuze aqedele umsebenzi wokulawula. Lokhu kwenza uhlelo lube lula futhi luthembeke, kunciphisa ubungozi bephuzu elilodwa lokwehluleka. Isibonelo, kusistimu enkulu yokugcinwa kwempahla ezenzakalelayo, amarobhothi amaningi angasebenzisana ngokusebenzisa ukuxhumana kwe-fieldbus ukuze kuzuzwe isitoreji esisheshayo kanye nokutholwa kwezimpahla.
Kafushane,Ukuxhumana kwe-IO kwamarobhothi ezimboniubunye bobuchwepheshe obubalulekile bokuzuza ukukhiqizwa okuzenzakalelayo. Ivumela irobhothi ukuthi isebenzisane eduze namadivayisi angaphandle ngokusebenzisana kwezimpawu zokufaka nokukhiphayo, ithole ukulawulwa kokukhiqiza okusebenzayo nokunembayo. Izindlela zokuxhumana ezehlukene zinezinzuzo kanye nokubi zazo, futhi ekusebenzeni okungokoqobo, zidinga ukukhethwa futhi zilungiswe ngokuya ngezidingo ezithile zokukhiqiza ukuze zisebenzise ngokugcwele izinzuzo zamarobhothi ezimboni futhi zikhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kokukhiqizwa kwezimboni maqondana nobuhlakani nokusebenza kahle.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-19-2024
