Amarobhothi ezimboniukudlala indima ebalulekile ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, ukunciphisa izindleko, ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, ngisho nokushintsha izindlela zokukhiqiza zayo yonke imboni. Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izingxenye zerobhothi eliphelele lezimboni? Lesi sihloko sizonikeza isingeniso esinemininingwane ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene nemisebenzi yamarobhothi ezimboni ukukusiza ukuthi uqonde kangcono lobu buchwepheshe obubalulekile.
1. Isakhiwo semishini
Isakhiwo esiyisisekelo samarobhothi ezimboni sihlanganisa umzimba, izingalo, izihlakala, neminwe. Lezi zingxenye zihlangene zenza uhlelo olunyakazayo lwerobhothi, oluvumela ukuma okunembayo nokunyakaza endaweni enezinhlangothi ezintathu.
Umzimba: Umzimba ungumzimba oyinhloko werobhothi, ngokuvamile elenziwe ngensimbi enamandla amakhulu, esetshenziselwa ukusekela ezinye izingxenye futhi inikeze isikhala sangaphakathi ukuze kuhlaliswe izinzwa ezihlukahlukene, izilawuli, namanye amadivayisi.
Ingalo: Ingalo iyingxenye eyinhloko yomsebenzi werobhothi, ngokuvamile oqhutshwa amalunga, ukuze kuzuzwe amadigri amaningi okunyakaza kwenkululeko. Kuya ngeisimo sohlelo lokusebenza, ingalo ingaklanywa nge-eksisi egxilile noma i-eksisi ehoxiswayo.
Isihlakala: Isihlakala siyingxenye lapho isiphetho serobhothi sithintana nendawo yokusebenza, ngokuvamile esakhiwe uchungechunge lwamalunga nezinduku zokuxhuma, ukuze kuzuzwe ukubamba okuguquguqukayo, ukuyibeka, nokusebenza.
2. Uhlelo lokulawula
Uhlelo lokulawula lwamarobhothi ezimboni luyingxenye yalo eyinhloko, enesibopho sokwamukela ulwazi oluvela kuzinzwa, ukucubungula lolu lwazi, nokuthumela imiyalo yokulawula ukushayela ukunyakaza kwerobhothi. Amasistimu okulawula ngokuvamile ahlanganisa izingxenye ezilandelayo:
Isilawuli: Isilawuli siwubuchopho bamarobhothi ezimboni, onesibopho sokucubungula amasiginali avela kuzinzwa ezihlukahlukene futhi akhiqize imiyalo yokulawula ehambisanayo. Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zezilawuli zifaka i-PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), DCS (Distributed Control System), kanye ne-IPC (Intelligent Control System).
Umshayeli: Umshayeli uyisixhumi esibonakalayo phakathi kwesilawuli kanye nenjini, onesibopho sokuguqula imiyalo yokulawula ekhishwe isilawuli ibe ukunyakaza kwangempela kwemoto. Ngokwezidingo ezahlukahlukene zohlelo, abashayeli bangahlukaniswa ngabashayeli bezimoto ezinyathelayo, abashayeli bezimoto ze-servo, kanye nabashayeli bezimoto abalayini.
Isixhumi esibonakalayo sokuhlela: I-interface yokuhlela iyithuluzi elisetshenziswa abasebenzisi ukuze bahlanganyele nezinhlelo zamarobhothi, ngokuvamile okuhlanganisa isofthiwe yekhompyutha, izikrini zokuthinta, noma amaphaneli asebenzayo akhethekile. Ngesixhumi esibonakalayo sokuhlela, abasebenzisi bangakwazi ukusetha imingcele yokunyakaza yerobhothi, baqaphe isimo salo sokusebenza, futhi bahlole futhi baphathe amaphutha.
3. Izinzwa
Amarobhothi ezimboni adinga ukuthembela kuzinzwa ezihlukahlukene ukuze athole ulwazi mayelana nendawo ezungezile ukuze enze imisebenzi efana nokuma okulungile, ukuzulazula, nokugwema izithiyo. Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zezinzwa zihlanganisa:
Izinzwa ezibonakalayo: Izinzwa ezibonakalayo zisetshenziselwa ukuthwebula izithombe noma idatha yevidiyo yezinto eziqondiwe, njengamakhamera, uLi.dar, njll. Ngokuhlaziya le datha, amarobhothi angakwazi ukufeza imisebenzi efana nokubonwa kwento, ukwenziwa kwasendaweni, nokulandelela.
Izinzwa zamandla/ze-torque: Izinzwa zamandla/ze-torque zisetshenziselwa ukukala amandla angaphandle nama-torque atholwa amarobhothi, njengezinzwa zokucindezela, izinzwa ze-torque, njll. Le datha ibalulekile ekulawuleni ukunyakaza kanye nokuqapha ukulayisha kwamarobhothi.
Inzwa ye-Proximity/Ibanga: Izinzwa ze-Proximity/Ibanga zisetshenziselwa ukukala ibanga phakathi kwerobhothi nezinto ezizungezile ukuze kuqinisekiswe uhla oluphephile lokunyakaza. Izinzwa ezivamile zokusondela/ibanga zifaka izinzwa ze-ultrasonic, izinzwa ze-infrared, njll.
Isifaki khodi: Isishumeki inzwa esetshenziselwa ukukala i-engeli yokuzungeza nolwazi lokuma, njengesishumeki sesithombe sikagesi, isifaki khodi sikazibuthe, njll. Ngokucubungula le datha, amarobhothi angakwazi ukufinyelela ukulawula ukuma okunembayo kanye nokuhlelwa kwe-trajectory.
4. Isixhumi esibonakalayo sokuxhumana
Ukuze kuzuzweumsebenzi wokusebenzisanakanye nokwabelana ngolwazi namanye amadivaysi, amarobhothi ezimboni ngokuvamile adinga ukuba namakhono athile okuxhumana. I-interface yezokuxhumana ingaxhuma amarobhothi namanye amadivaysi (njengamanye amarobhothi emugqeni wokukhiqiza, okokusebenza okuphathekayo, njll.) kanye nezinhlelo zokuphatha ezingeni eliphezulu (ezifana ne-ERP, i-MES, njll.), ukufeza imisebenzi efana nokushintshisana kwedatha nesilawuli kude. ukulawula. Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zokuxhumana zihlanganisa:
I-Ethernet interface: I-Ethernet interface iwukuxhumana kwenethiwekhi yendawo yonke okusekelwe kuphrothokholi ye-IP, esetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wokuzenzakalela kwezimboni. Ngesixhumi esibonakalayo se-Ethernet, amarobhothi angafinyelela ukudluliswa kwedatha ngesivinini esikhulu kanye nokuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela namanye amadivaysi.
I-PROFIBUS interface: I-PROFIBUS iyiphrothokholi yebhasi ejwayelekile yamazwe ngamazwe esetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wokuzenzakalela kwezimboni. I-interface ye-PROFIBUS ingafinyelela ukushintshaniswa kwedatha okusheshayo nokuthembekile kanye nokulawula okusebenzisana phakathi kwamadivayisi ahlukene.
I-USB interface: I-USB interface iyisixhumi esibonakalayo sokuxhumana se-serial jikelele esingasetshenziswa ukuxhuma izinto zokufaka ezifana namakhibhodi namagundane, kanye namadivayisi akhiphayo njengamaphrinta nemishini yokugcina. Ngesixhumi esibonakalayo se-USB, amarobhothi angakwazi ukufeza ukusebenza okusebenzisanayo kanye nokudluliswa kolwazi nabasebenzisi.
Kafushane, irobhothi eliphelele lezimboni liqukethe izingxenye eziningi ezifana nesakhiwo semishini, isistimu yokulawula, izinzwa, nesixhumi esibonakalayo sokuxhumana. Lezi zingxenye zisebenza ndawonye ukuze amarobhothi akwazi ukuqedela imisebenzi ehlukahlukene enembayo ephezulu kanye nesivinini esikhulu ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi zokukhiqiza izimboni. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe kanye nesidingo esikhulayo sezicelo, amarobhothi ezimboni azoqhubeka nokudlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni kwesimanje.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-12-2024
