Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe,amarobhothiziye zangena kuwo wonke amagumbi ezimpilo zethu futhi zaba ingxenye ebalulekile yomphakathi wanamuhla. Iminyaka eyishumi edlule kube uhambo oluhle kakhulu lwemboni yamarobhothi yaseShayina ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ekusebenzeni kahle kakhulu.Namuhla, i-China akuyona nje imakethe yamarobhothi enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, kodwa futhi izuze imiphumela emangalisayo ocwaningweni nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, izinga lezimboni, kanye nezinkambu zohlelo lokusebenza.
Uma ngibheka emuva eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, imboni yamarobhothi yaseChina yayisanda kuqala. Ngaleso sikhathi, ubuchwepheshe bethu berobhothi babusemuva futhi buthembele kakhulu ekuthengisweni kwamanye amazwe. Nokho, lesi simo asizange sihlale isikhathi eside. Ngokusekelwa okuqinile kanye nokuqondiswa kwenqubomgomo yezwe yokusungula izinto zobuchwepheshe, kanye nokunaka kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali kwemikhakha eyahlukene yomphakathi kubuchwepheshe berobhothi, imboni yamarobhothi yaseChina izuze intuthuko esheshayo eminyakeni embalwa nje.Ngo-2013, ukuthengiswa kwamarobhothi ezimboni eChina kwafinyelelwa16000 amayunithi,accounting for9.5%yokuthengiswa komhlaba wonke. Nokho,ngo-2014, ukuthengiswa kwanda kwaba23000 amayunithi, ukwanda konyaka nonyaka kwe43.8%. Ngalesi sikhathi, inani lamabhizinisi amarobhothi e-China laqala ukukhula kancane kancane, lisakazwa ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezisogwini.
Ngokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemboni, imboni yamarobhothi yaseChina ingene esigabeni sokuthuthuka ngokushesha.Ngo-2015, ukuthengiswa kwamarobhothi ezimboni eChina kwafinyelelwa75000 amayunithi, ukwanda konyaka nonyaka kwe56.7%, accounting for27.6%yokuthengiswa komhlaba wonke.Ngo-2016, uhulumeni waseShayina ukhiphe "Uhlelo Lokuthuthukiswa Kwemboni Yamarobhothi (2016-2020)", olwabeka umgomo wokufeza ivolumu yokuthengisa yamarobhothi ezimboni ezizimele ezibalelayo.ngaphezu kuka-60%yazo zonke izimakethe ezithengiswayongo-2020.
Ngokushintsha kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yezokukhiqiza yaseShayina kanye nokuqaliswa kwesu elithi "China Intelligent Manufacturing", imboni yamarobhothi yaseShayina ingene esigabeni sokuthuthuka kwezinga eliphezulu.Ngo-2018, ukuthengiswa kwamarobhothi ezimboni eChina kwafinyelelwa149000amayunithi, ukwanda konyaka nonyaka kwe67.9%, accounting for36.9%yokuthengiswa komhlaba wonke. Ngokwezibalo ze-IFR, usayizi wemakethe yamarobhothi yezimboni yaseChina ufinyelelwe7.45 billionAmadola aseMelikango-2019, ukwanda konyaka nonyaka kwe15.9%, okuyenza ibe imakethe yamarobhothi yezimboni enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.Ngaphezu kwalokho, amarobhothi ohlobo oluzimele lwaseChina alokhu andisa isabelo sawo semakethe emakethe yasekhaya.
Eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, isiShayinaizinkampani zamarobhothiamila njengamakhowe, ahlanganisa imikhakha eyahlukene njengocwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kwamarobhothi, ukukhiqiza, ukuthengisa, kanye nezinsizakalo. Lawa mabhizinisi aqhubeke enza impumelelo ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwezobuchwepheshe, kancane kancane anciphisa igebe ngezinga elithuthukisiwe lomhlaba. Khonamanjalo, ngokwesekwa kwezinqubomgomo zikazwelonke, imboni yamarobhothi yaseShayina kancane kancane iye yakha uchungechunge lwezimboni oluphelele, olunokuncintisana okuqinile kusukela ekukhiqizweni kwezingxenye ezikhuphuka nomfula kuya ekusetshenzisweni kwesicelo esingezansi.
Mayelana nokusetshenziswa, imboni yamarobhothi yaseChina nayo izuze ukusetshenziswa okusabalele. Amarobhothi angabonakala emikhakheni yendabuko efana nokukhiqiza izimoto kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemishini kagesi, kanye nezinkambu ezisafufusa ezifana nezimboni zezempilo, ezolimo kanye nezinkonzo. Ikakhulukazi emikhakheni efana nokunakekelwa kwezempilo nezolimo, ubuchwepheshe bamarobhothi baseChina bufike ezingeni elihamba phambili emhlabeni. Ngokwesibonelo, amarobhothi ezokwelapha angasiza odokotela ekuhlinzeni okunembile, athuthukise izinga lokuphumelela lokuhlinzwa; Amarobhothi ezolimo angakwazi ukutshala, ukuvuna, nokuphatha ngokuzenzakalelayo, athuthukise kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.
Kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, imboni yamarobhothi yaseChina ibe nezinguquko ezinkulu.Ukusuka ekuncikeni ekuthengisweni kwamanye amazwe kuya ekwenziweni okusha okuzimele, kusukela ekubuyeleni emuva kwezobuchwepheshe kuya ebuholini bomhlaba, kusukela endaweni eyodwa yezicelo kuya ekukhavekeni okubanzi kwezimakethe, zonke izigaba zigcwele izinselele namathuba. Kule nqubo, sibone ukukhuphuka namandla kwamandla ezobuchwepheshe aseShayina, kanye nokuzimisela okuqinile kweChina nokuphishekela ukusungula izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe.
Nokho, naphezu kwezimpumelelo ezinkulu,umgwaqo ongaphambili usagcwele izinselele.Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe kanye nokudlondlobala kokuncintisana kwezimakethe, sidinga ukuqhubeka nokuqinisa ukusungula izinto ezintsha nokucwaninga nokuthuthukiswa, futhi sithuthukise ukuncintisana kwethu okuwumongo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kudingeka futhi siqinise ukubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokushintshisana, sithole ulwazi oluthuthukisiwe lomhlaba kanye nempumelelo yezobuchwepheshe, futhi sikhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yamarobhothi yaseShayina ibe sezingeni eliphezulu.
Uma sibheka phambili, imboni yamarobhothi yaseChina izoqhubeka nokugcina umfutho wentuthuko esheshayo. Uhulumeni waseShayina usekhiphe i-"New Generation Artificial Intelligence Development Plan". Ngo-2030, ubuchwepheshe obuphelele kanye nokusetshenziswa kobuhlakani bokwenziwa eShayina kuzovunyelaniswa nezinga elithuthukisiwe lomhlaba, futhi izinga lembonini eliwumgogodla lobuhlakani bokwenziwa lizofinyelela ku-1 trillion yuan, libe isikhungo esikhulu sokuqamba kabusha sobuhlakani bokwenziwa emhlabeni. Sizothuthukisa imboni yamarobhothi yaseShayina ibe maphakathi nesiteji somhlaba ngomqondo ovuleke kakhudlwana kanye nombono obanzi. Sikholelwa ukuthi ezinsukwini ezizayo, ubuchwepheshe berobhothi baseShayina buzofinyelela impumelelo kanye nezicelo ezintsha emikhakheni eminingi, bube neqhaza elikhulu ekuthuthukisweni nasekuqhubekeleni phambili komphakathi wesintu.
Sifingqa inqubo yentuthuko yale minyaka eyishumi, asikwazi ukuzigqaja ngezimpumelelo ezinhle zemboni yamarobhothi yaseChina. Kusukela ekuqaleni kuye kokwenza kahle kakhulu, bese kuya ekubeni sezingeni eliphezulu, zonke izinyathelo zomkhakha wamarobhothi waseShayina azihlukaniseki emizamweni yethu ehlanganyelwe kanye nokubekezela. Kule nqubo, asigcinanga ngokuzuza ulwazi olucebile nezimpumelelo, kodwa futhi saqongelela ingcebo eyigugu nezinkolelo. Lawa angamandla okusiqhuba nokuseseka ukuze siqhubeke siqhubekele phambili.
Okokugcina, ake siphinde sibheke emuva ohambweni olukhazimulayo lwaleli shumi leminyaka futhi sibonge bonke abantu abasebenze kanzima embonini yamarobhothi yaseChina. Masisebenze ndawonye ukuze sakhe ipulani engcono yentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-08-2023
