Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, iirobhothi ziye zaba sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokunceda amashishini aqalise umsebenzi, imveliso, kunye nophuhliso olukhawulezayo. Iqhutywa sisidingo esikhulu senguqu yedijithali kumashishini ahlukeneyo, amashishini anyukayo nasezantsiirobhothiikhonkco leshishini lizuze iziphumo ezimangalisayo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo, kwaye ishishini liphuhliswe ngokukhawuleza.
NgoDisemba ka-2021, urhulumente waseTshayina, ngokubambisana nee-arhente zikarhulumente ze-15, wakhupha "iSicwangciso seMinyaka emihlanu ye-14 yoPhuhliso loShishino lweRobhothi", eyacacisa ukubaluleka kwesicwangciso soshishino lwerobhothi kwaye yaphakamisa iinjongo zoshishino lwerobhothi. isicwangciso, ukutyhala ishishini irobhothi yaseTshayina ukuya kwinqanaba elitsha kwakhona.
Kwayelo nyaka ngunyaka obalulekileyo ekuphunyezweni kweSicwangciso seMinyaka emiHlanu se-14.Ngoku, ngaphezu kwesiqingatha se-14 yeSicwangciso seMinyaka emiHlanu, yintoni imeko yophuhliso loshishino lwerobhothi?
Ngokwembono yemalike yenkxaso-mali, i-China Robotics Network yafumanisa ukuba ekuququzeleleni imisitho yenkxaso-mali yakutsha nje, kuye kwakho ukuhla okubonakalayo kwemicimbi yezemali ukusukela ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, kwaye isixa esixeliweyo sikwangaphantsi kunangaphambili.
Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelelanga, zazikhophezu 300 imicimbi ngezimalikushishino lwerobhothi ngo-2022, ngephezu 100 imicimbi ngezimalingaphezuluI-100 yezigidi zeeyuankunye nesixa-mali sisonke esigqithileyoI-30 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan. (Qaphela ukuba inkxaso-mali ekhankanywe kweli nqaku ibandakanya kuphela amashishini asekhaya asebenza ngokukodwa kwiirobhothi ezinxulumene nezicelo, ezibandakanya iinkonzo, ishishini, ukhathalelo lwempilo, iidrones, kunye nezinye iinkalo. Oku kuyasebenza apha ngezantsi.)
Phakathi kwabo, imarike yezemali kwishishini lerobhothi ibishushu ukusuka ngoJanuwari ukuya kuSeptemba kwisiqingatha sokuqala sonyaka, kwaye ithe tyaba ukusuka phakathi ukuya ngasekupheleni konyaka. Abatyali-zimali bathambekele ngakumbi kumda wetekhnoloji ephakathi ukuya kwinqanaba eliphezulu, ikakhulu kumacandelo amathathu amakhulu eerobhothi zoshishino, iirobhothi zonyango, kunye neerobhothi zenkonzo. Phakathi kwazo, indawo enxulumene nerobhothi yezoshishino inelona nani liphezulu lezehlo zenkxaso-mali phakathi kwamashishini, ilandelwa yintsimi yerobhothi yezonyango, emva koko intsimi yerobhothi yenkonzo.
Ngaphandle kokuthintelwa yimiba yangaphandle efana nobhubhani, kunye nemeko engasemva yemeko yezoqoqosho iyonke.Ishishini lerobhothi lisabonisa ukukhula olomeleleyo ngo-2022, kunye nobukhulu bemarike obudlula i-100 leebhiliyoni kunye nesixa-mali senkxaso-mali esingaphaya kwe-30 yeebhiliyoni.Ukuqhambuka okuphindaphindiweyo kobhubhane kubangele imfuno eyomeleleyo yemveliso engasebenziyo, ezenzekelayo, yobukrelekrele kunye nokusebenza kwiinkalo ezininzi, okukhokelela kwindlela enempilo kuyo yonke imboni yeerobhothi.
Masibuyisele ingqalelo yethu kulo nyaka. Ukusukela nge-30 kaJuni, kukho imisitho yezemali ye-63 iyonke kushishino lweerobhothi zasekhaya kulo nyaka. Phakathi kweziganeko zenkxaso-mali ezibhengeziweyo, kuye kwakho imicimbi yemali eli-18 kwinqanaba leebhiliyoni zeeyuan, kunye nesixa-mali sisonke semali esimalunga ne-5-6 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan.Xa kuthelekiswa nonyaka ophelileyo, kukho ukuhla okuphawulekayo.
Ngokukodwa, iinkampani zerobhothi zasekhaya ezifumene inkxaso-mali kwisiqingatha sokuqala salo nyaka zisasazwa ikakhulu kumacandelo eenkonzo zeerobhothi, iirobhothi zonyango, kunye neerobhothi zamashishini. Kwisiqingatha sokuqala sonyaka, bekukho inkxaso-mali enye edlula ibhiliyoni enye yeyuan kumdyarho werobhothi, ekwayeyona mali iphezulu yenkxaso-mali enye. Iqela lenkxaso-mali yi-United Aircraft, kunye nesixa-mali se-1.2 yebhiliyoni ye-RMB. Ishishini layo eliphambili kuphando kunye nophuhliso lweedrones zamashishini.
Kutheni le nto imarike yezemali yerobhothi ingalunganga njengangaphambili kulo nyaka?
Isizathu esingundoqo kukubaukuchacha koqoqosho lwehlabathi kuyehla kwaye ukukhula kweemfuno zangaphandle kubuthathaka.
Uphawu lowama-2023 kukudodobala kokukhula koqoqosho lwehlabathi. Kutshanje, iSebe loMsebenzi weRobhothi ye-China Machinery Industry Federation yakhokelela kuvavanyo lwexesha eliphakathi lokuphunyezwa kwe-"14th Five Year Plan" yophuhliso loshishino lweerobhothi, kwaye lenze ingxelo yovavanyo esekelwe kwiimbono ezahlukeneyo.
Ingxelo yovavanyo ibonisa ukuba imeko yezizwe ngezizwe entsonkothileyo kwaye ehlala iguquka izise ukungaqiniseki okukhoyo ngoku, ukudityaniswa kwehlabathi kwezoqoqosho kuye kwadibana nokubuyela umva, umdlalo phakathi kwamagunya amakhulu uye wanda kakhulu, kwaye ihlabathi lingene kwixesha elitsha lesiphithiphithi kunye nenguqu.
INgxowa-mali yezeMali yaMazwe ngaMazwe (i-IMF) inike ingxelo kwiNkalo yoQoqosho yeHlabathi kaTshazimpuzi yowama-2023 ukuba izinga lokukhula koqoqosho lwehlabathi ngowama-2023 liza kuhla liye kutsho kwi-2.8%, ukwehla ngepesenti eyi-0.4 ukusuka kuqikelelo lwengqikelelo kaOktobha 2022; IBhanki yeHlabathi ikhuphe iNgxelo yeGlobal Economic Outlook ngo-Juni 2023, eqikelela ukuba ukukhula koqoqosho lwehlabathi kuza kuhla ukusuka kwi-3.1% ngowama-2022 ukuya kwi-2.1% ngowama-2023. Iimarike ezisahlumayo kunye noqoqosho oluphuhlayo ngaphandle kwe-China kulindeleke ukuba zehle ukukhula ukusuka kwi-4.1% ukuya kwi-2.9%.Ngokuchasene nemvelaphi yokuvuselelwa koqoqosho lwehlabathi olubuthathaka, imfuno yeerobhothi kwimarike yehlile, kwaye uphuhliso loshishino lwerobhothi lunyanzelekile ukuba luthintelwe kwaye luchaphazeleke kwinqanaba elithile.
Ukongeza, kwisiqingatha sokuqala salo nyaka, amacandelo aphambili okuthengisa kwishishini lerobhothi, njenge-elektroniki, izithuthi zamandla amatsha, iibhetri zamandla, ukhathalelo lwempilo, njl. yempumelelo esezantsi, ukukhula kwemarike yerobhothi kwehlile.
Nangona izinto ezahlukeneyo ziye zaba nefuthe elithile kuphuhliso loshishino lwerobhothi kwisiqingatha sokuqala salo nyaka, ngokubanzi, kunye nemizamo edibeneyo yawo onke amaqela asekhaya, uphuhliso lweshishini lerobhothi luye lwaqhubela phambili kwaye lwafumana iziphumo ezithile.
Iirobhothi zasekhaya ziyakhawuleza ukuya kwisiphelo esiphezulu kunye neerobhothi ezikrelekrele, zandisa ubunzulu besicelo sazo kunye nobubanzi, kunye neemeko zokufika ziya zisiya zihluke. Ngokutsho kwedatha ye-MIR, emva kokuba isabelo semakethi ye-robot yasekhaya idlule i-40% kwikota yokuqala yalo nyaka kwaye isabelo semarike yangaphandle yawela ngaphantsi kwe-60% okokuqala, isabelo semarike samashishini eerobhothi zasekhaya sisakhula, sifikelela kwi-43.7 % kwisiqingatha sokuqala sonyaka.
Ngokuphunyezwa kobunkokeli bukarhulumente kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yesizwe efana ne "robot+", ingqiqo yokuthatha indawo yasekhaya iye yacaca ngakumbi. Iinkokeli zasekhaya ziyakhawuleza ukubamba iimpawu zangaphandle kwisabelo semarike yasekhaya, kwaye ukunyuka kweempawu zasekhaya kufike ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-03-2023
