I-China iye yabaeyona irobhothi inkulu yehlabathikwimarike iminyaka emininzi. Oku kungenxa yendibaniselwano yezinto, kuquka isiseko esikhulu sokwenziwa kwemveliso yelizwe, ukunyuka kweendleko zabasebenzi, kunye nenkxaso karhulumente kumatshini ozenzekelayo.
Iirobhothi zemizi-mveliso yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yemveliso yanamhlanje. Aba matshini benzelwe ukwenza imisebenzi ephindaphindwayo ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo, okubenza balungele ukusetyenziswa kwiifektri nakwezinye iindawo zokuvelisa. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukusetyenziswa kweerobhothi zemizi-mveliso kuye kwanda ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yezinto ezininzi, kubandakanya ukunyuka kweendleko zabasebenzi, ukunyuka kwemfuno yeempahla ezikumgangatho ophezulu, kunye nenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji.
Ukunyuka kweerobhothi zoshishino e-China kwaqala ekuqaleni kwe-2000s. Ngelo xesha, ilizwe lalikhula ngamandla kwezoqoqosho, kwaye icandelo lemveliso yalo lalikhula ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko iindleko zabasebenzi zanda, abaninzi abavelisi baqala ukukhangela iindlela zokuzenzekelayo iinkqubo zabo zokuvelisa.
Esinye sezizathu eziphambili zokuba kutheni iChina ibe yeyona ntengiso inkulu yerobhothi emhlabeni sisiseko sayo esikhulu sokwenza. Ngabemi abangaphezu kwe-1.4 yezigidigidi zabantu, i-China ineqela elikhulu labasebenzi elifumanekayo kwimisebenzi yokuvelisa. Noko ke, njengoko ilizwe liye lakhula, iindleko zabasebenzi ziye zanda, yaye abavelisi baye bakhangela iindlela zokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle nokunciphisa iindleko.
Esinye isizathu sokukhula kweiirobhothi zoshishinoe-China yinkxaso karhulumente kwi-automation. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, urhulumente uye wasungula amanyathelo aliqela okukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kweerobhothi kwimizi-mveliso. Oku kubandakanya inkuthazo yerhafu kwiinkampani ezenza utyalo-mali kwiirobhothi, izibonelelo zophando nophuhliso, kunye nenkxaso-mali yokuqalisa iirobhothi.
Ukunyuka kweTshayina njengenkokeli kwiiirobhothi zoshishinoiye yakhawuleza. Kwi-2013, ilizwe libalelwa kwi-15% nje yokuthengisa iirobhothi zehlabathi. Ngo-2018, elo nani linyuke laya kutsho kwi-36%, nto leyo eyenza i-China ibe yeyona marike inkulu yeerobhothi zoshishino emhlabeni. Ngo-2022, kulindeleke ukuba iTshayina ibe neerobhothi ezingaphezulu kwesigidi esi-1 ezifakiweyo.
Ukukhula kwimakethi yerobhothi yaseTshayina akubanga nangxaki, nangona kunjalo. Omnye weyona mingeni inkulu ejongene neshishini kukunqongophala kwabasebenzi abanezakhono zokusebenza kunye nokugcina iirobhothi. Ngenxa yoko, iinkampani ezininzi kuye kwafuneka zityale imali kwiinkqubo zoqeqesho ukuze ziphuhlise izakhono eziyimfuneko.
Omnye umceli mngeni ojongene neli shishini ngumba wokubiwa kwepropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda. Ezinye iinkampani zaseTshayina zityholwa ngobuchwephesha kwabo bakhuphisana namazwe angaphandle, nto leyo ekhokelele kungquzulwano namanye amazwe. Nangona kunjalo, urhulumente waseTshayina uthathe amanyathelo okujongana nalo mba, kubandakanywa nokunyanzeliswa okunamandla kwemithetho yepropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda.
Ngaphandle kwale mingeni, ikamva likhangeleka liqaqambileImarike yerobhothi yoshishino yaseTshayina. Ngenkqubela phambili entsha kwitekhnoloji, efana nobukrelekrele bokwenziwa kunye noqhagamshelo lwe-5G, iirobhothi zamashishini ziba namandla ngakumbi kwaye zisebenza kakuhle. Njengoko icandelo lemveliso e-China liqhubeka nokukhula, kunokwenzeka ukuba imfuno yeerobhothi zemizi-mveliso iya kunyuka kuphela.
I-China iye yaba yeyona ntengiso yerobhothi inkulu kwihlabathi ngenxa yendibaniselwano yezinto, kubandakanywa isiseko sayo esikhulu sokwenziwa kwemveliso, ukunyuka kweendleko zabasebenzi, kunye nenkxaso karhulumente kumatshini ozenzekelayo. Ngelixa kukho imiceli mngeni ejongene neshishini, ikamva lijongeka liqaqambile, kwaye iChina ikulungele ukuhlala iyinkokeli kwiirobhothi zoshishino kwiminyaka ezayo.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-14-2024
