Ukutshiza komkhenkce owomileyo kunye nokutshiza nge-thermalzindlela eziqhelekileyo zokutshiza ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezininzi zoshishino. Nangona zombini zibandakanya izinto zokugquma ngaphezulu, kukho umahluko ophambili kwimigaqo, usetyenziso, kunye neziphumo zokutshiza komkhenkce owomileyo kunye nokutshiza okushushu. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphanda umahluko phakathi kokutshiza komkhenkce owomileyo kunye nokutshiza nge-thermal.
Okokuqala, makhe sifunde ngokutshiza komkhenkce owomileyo. Ukutshiza komkhenkce owomileyo bubuchule obusebenzisa amasuntswana omkhenkce owomileyo ukuwakhawulezisa ukuya kwisantya esiphezulu nokuwatshiza kumhlaba ogqunyiweyo. Umkhenkce owomileyo yi-carbon dioxide eqinileyo, ngoko ke idlula i-sublimation ngexeshaukupeyintainkqubo, ukuguqula ngokuthe ngqo ukusuka kwimeko eqinileyo ukuya kwi-aigesiurhulumente ngaphandle kokuvelisa ulwelo. Le nkqubo ikhethekileyo inika ukutshiza komkhenkce owomileyo iinzuzo ezizodwa kwizicelo ezininzi.
Uphawu oluphawulekayo lokutshiza komkhenkce owomileyo kukuba awudleki. Amaqhekeza omkhenkce owomileyo aya kuguqula ngokuthe ngqo kwigesi ngexesha lokutshiza, angashiyi ntsalela phezu komhlaba. Oku kwenza ukutshiza komkhenkce okomileyo kube lukhetho olufanelekileyo lokucoca imiphezulu, ngakumbi xa kufikwa kwisixhobo esibuthathaka okanye izixhobo zombane. Ukongezelela, njengoko ukutshiza kweqhwa okomileyo akufuni ukusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali ze-solvents okanye i-agent agents zokucoca, kukwayindlela yokutshiza ngokusingqongileyo.
Ukutshiza komkhenkce owomileyo nako kuneempawu zobushushu obuphantsi. Ngexesha lokutshiza, amaqhekeza omkhenkce owomileyo athatha ubushushu kwaye athobe ngokukhawuleza ubushushu bomhlaba. Oku kwenza ukuba ukutshiza komkhenkce okomileyo kube luncedo kakhulu kwizicelo ezithile, ezinje ngokwenziwa kokutya okunomkhenkce, ishishini lamayeza, kunye neshishini le-aerospace. Ngokulawula ixesha kunye nesantya sokutshiza komkhenkce owomileyo, amanqanaba ahlukeneyo okupholisa anokufezekiswa.
Kuthelekiswa neukutshiza komkhenkce owomileyo, ukutshiza nge-thermal buchwephesha obutshiza izinto ezinyibilikayo okanye ezinyibilikisiweyo kwindawo egqunywe ngesantya esiphezulu. Le ndlela yokutshiza ngokuqhelekileyo isebenzisa imithombo yobushushu enjengamadangatye, i-plasma arcs, okanye imiqadi ye-electron ukutshisa kunye nokunyibilikisa izinto zokwambathisa. Eyona nto iphambili yokutshiza i-thermal kukuba inokudala umaleko owomeleleyo kunye nohlala ixesha elide lokukhusela kumphezulu, kwaye ibonelele ngokugqwesileyo ukuxhathisa, ukumelana nokugqwala, kunye nokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu.
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokutshiza nge-thermal, kubandakanya ukutshiza idangatye, ukutshiza ngeplasma, kunye nokutshiza nge-arc. Ukutshiza idangatye lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo, olusebenzisa amadangatye ukufudumeza izinto zokwambathisa, zinyibilike, kwaye zitshizwe kumphezulu ogqunyiweyo. Ukutshiza ngeplasma kusebenzisa i-arc yeplasma ukufudumeza izinto zokugquma, kwaye ubushushu obuphezulu obuveliswa yi-arc buyayinyibilikisa kwaye butshize phezu komhlaba. Ezi ndlela zokutshiza ezishushu zifuna ukusetyenziswa kwemipu eyongezelelweyo yokutshiza okanye izixhobo zokutshiza amadangatye.
Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili zokutshiza nge-thermal kukunamathela kwayo okuqinileyo. Izinto zokugqoka ezincibilikisiweyo zidibanisa ngokukhawuleza kunye nomphezulu ngexesha lokutshiza kwaye zenze isakhiwo esiqinileyo. Oku kuncamathela okugqwesileyo kwenza ukutshiza kwe-thermal kusetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwizicelo ezifuna ukuxhathisa ukunxiba, ukuxhathisa ukubola, okanye ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, njenge-aerospace, amandla, iimoto kunye nemizi-mveliso yokuvelisa.
Ukongeza, ukutshiza kwe-thermal kunokubonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhetha izinto zokugquma. Ngokweemfuno zesicelo, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezinto ezifana nezinyithi, i-ceramics, ii-polymers, njl. zingakhethwa ukutshiza. Le yantlukwano yenza ukutshiza nge-thermal kukulungele ukukhuselwa komphezulu ohlukeneyo kunye neemfuno zokuphucula ukusebenza.
Nangona kunjalo, xa kuthelekiswaukutshiza komkhenkce owomileyo, ukutshiza nge-thermalkananjalo unezinye iintsilelo kunye neentsilelo. Okokuqala, inkqubo yokutshiza i-thermal idinga ukushisa okuphezulu kunye negalelo lamandla, elinokuthi likhokelela ekwandiseni indawo echaphazelekayo yokushisa kwindawo edibeneyo. Kwezinye iimeko, oku kunokuba nemiphumo emibi ekusebenzeni kunye nesakhiwo se-substrate.
Ukongeza, isantya sokutshiza sokutshiza nge-thermal siyacotha. Ngenxa yesidingo sokufudumeza kunye nokunyibilika kwezinto zokugubungela, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukunamathela kakuhle, isantya sokutshiza sokutshiza i-thermal sihlala siphantsi. Oku kunokuba yinto engalunganga kwizicelo ezifuna ukuveliswa okusebenzayo kunye nokugquma ngokukhawuleza.
Isishwankathelo, kukho umahluko omkhulu kwimigaqo kunye nezicelo phakathi kokutshiza komkhenkce owomileyo kunye nokutshiza kwe-thermal. Ukutshiza komkhenkce okomileyo yitekhnoloji yokutshiza engonakalisiyo, enobushushu obuphantsi obunokucoca izixhobo ezinovakalelo kunye nezixhobo zombane, kwaye idlala indima ekusetyenzweni kokutya okunomkhenkce, ishishini loxubo-mayeza, kunye namanye amacandelo. Iingenelo zayo zilele ekungabikho kweentsalela, ubume bendalo, kunye neempawu zobushushu obuphantsi.
Ngokwahlukileyo, ukutshiza nge-thermal yindlela yokutshiza esebenzisa ukunyibilika kobushushu obuphezulu bezinto zokugquma ukwenza umaleko owomeleleyo kunye nohlala ixesha elide. Inika ukuxhathisa okugqwesileyo kokunxiba, ukumelana nokugqwala, kunye nokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ilungele amasimi anje nge-aerospace, amandla kunye nokuvelisa.
Nangona kunjalo, ukungonakali kokutshiza kwe-thermal kukuba i-thermal effects eyenziwa ngexesha lokutshiza ingaba nefuthe elibi kwi-substrate, kwaye isantya sokutshiza sincinci. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-ice spraying eyomileyo ayinayo imiphumo ye-thermal kunye nesantya sokutshiza ngokukhawuleza.
Ukushwankathela, zombini ukutshiza komkhenkce owomileyo kunye nokutshiza nge-thermal zizinto ezibalulekileyo zokutshiza ezidlala iindima ezahlukeneyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.Ukutshiza komkhenkce owomileyoifanelekile kwizicelo ezifuna i-surface residu ephezulu yamahhala, ukucocwa kweqondo lokushisa eliphantsi, kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo, ngelixa ukutshiza kwe-thermal kulungele amasimi afuna ukuxhathisa ukugqoka okuphezulu, ukuxhathisa ukubola, kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu kobushushu.
Ingaba ukhetha ukutshiza komkhenkce owomileyo okanye ukutshiza nge-thermal, izigqibo kufuneka zenziwe ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno ezithile zesicelo, iimpawu zezinto eziphathekayo kunye nemiphumo elindelekileyo. Ukuphuhliswa nokusetyenziswa kobu bugcisa bokutshiza kuya kuqhubeka nokuqhuba inkqubela kunye nokuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha kumashishini ahlukeneyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-17-2024
