Iizembe ezintandathu zeiirobhothi zoshishinobhekisa kumalungu amathandathu erobhothi, enza ukuba irobhothi ikwazi ukuhamba bhetyebhetye kwisithuba esimacala-ntathu. La malungu mathandathu abandakanya isiseko, igxalaba, ingqiniba, isihlahla, kunye nesiphelo sesiphumo. La malungu anokuqhutywa ziinjini zombane ukuze afezekise iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuhamba ezintsonkothileyo kwaye agqibezele imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo.
Iirobhothi zemizi-mvelisoluhlobo lwezixhobo ezizenzekelayo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kushishino lokuvelisa. Ngokuqhelekileyo iqulunqwe ngamacandelo amathandathu, abizwa ngokuba yi "axes" kwaye angakwazi ukuhamba ngokuzimeleyo ukufezekisa ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwento. Apha ngezantsi, siza kubonelela ngentshayelelo eneenkcukacha kwezi zintandathu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo, itekhnoloji, kunye neendlela zophuhliso.
1. Itekhnoloji
1. I-axis yokuqala:I-Base Rotation Axis I-axis yokuqala yi-joint ejikelezayo edibanisa isiseko serobhothi emhlabeni. Inokufikelela kwi-360 degree simahla ukujikeleza kwerobhothi kwinqwelomoya ethe tye, ivumela irobhothi ukuba ihambise izinto okanye yenze eminye imisebenzi kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo. Olu luyilo lwenza ukuba irobhothi ikwazi ukulungelelanisa indawo yayo kwindawo kwaye iphucule ukusebenza kwayo kakuhle.
2. Umgca wesibini:I-Waist Rotation Axis I-axis yesibini ibekwe phakathi kwesinqe kunye negxalaba, kwaye inokufikelela kwi-rotation perpendicular ukuya kwicala le-axis yokuqala. Le axis ivumela irobhothi ukuba ijikeleze kwinqwelomoya ethe tye ngaphandle kokutshintsha ubude bayo, ngaloo ndlela yandise uluhlu lwayo lokusebenza. Umzekelo, irobhothi ene-axis yesibini inokuhambisa izinto ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye ngelixa igcina ukuma kwengalo.
3. Umgca wesithathu:I-Shoulder Pitch Axis I-axis yesithathu ikwigxalaba leirobhothikwaye inokujikeleza ngokuthe nkqo. Ngalo mgca we-axis, irobhothi inokufezekisa utshintsho lwe-angle phakathi kwengalo kunye nengalo ephezulu ukuze kusebenze ngokuchanekileyo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi. Ukongeza, le-axis inokunceda kwakhona irobhothi ukuba igqibezele ezinye iintshukumo ezifuna intshukumo ephezulu nasezantsi, efana neebhokisi ezihambayo.
4. Umgca wesine:I-Elbow Flexion/I-Extension Axis I-axis yesine ibekwe kwingqiniba yerobhothi kwaye inokufikelela kwiintshukumo zokolula ngaphambili nangasemva. Oku kuvumela irobhothi ukuba ibambe, ibeke, okanye eminye imisebenzi njengoko ifuneka. Kwangaxeshanye, le-axis ingaphinda incedise irobhothi ekugqibezeleni imisebenzi efuna ujingi emva naphambili, njengokufaka iinxalenye kumgca wokuhlanganisa.
5. Umgca wesihlanu:I-Wrist Rotation Axis I-axis yesihlanu ikwindawo esihlahleni serobhothi kwaye inokujikeleza kumgca osembindini wayo. Oku kuvumela iirobhothi ukuba zilungelelanise i-angle yezixhobo zezandla ngokushukuma kwezandla zazo, ngaloo ndlela zifezekisa iindlela zokusebenza eziguquguqukayo. Ngokomzekelo, ngexesha le-welding, i-robot inokusebenzisa le-axis ukulungisa i-angle ye-welding gun ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo ze-welding.
6. Umgca wesithandathu:I-Hand Roll Axis I-axis yesithandathu ikwafumaneka kwisihlahla serobhothi, ivumela isenzo sokuqengqeleka kwezixhobo zezandla. Oku kuthetha ukuba iirobhothi azikwazi nje ukubamba izinto ngokuvula nokuvala iminwe yazo, kodwa zikwasebenzisa ukuqengqeleka kwezandla ukuze zifezekise izijekulo ezintsonkothileyo. Ngokomzekelo, kwimeko apho izikrufu kufuneka ziqiniswe, iirobhothiinokusebenzisa le ntsimbi ukugqiba umsebenzi wokuqinisa kunye nokukhulula izikrufu.
2, Isicelo
1. Ukuwelda:Iirobhothi zemizi-mvelisozisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwintsimi ye-welding kwaye inokugqiba imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo ye-welding enzima. Umzekelo, ukuwelda imizimba yemoto, ukuwelda iinqanawa, njl.
2. Ukuphatha: Iirobhothi zoshishino nazo zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwintsimi yokuphatha, kwaye zinokugqiba imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yokuphatha izinto. Ngokomzekelo, ukusingatha icandelo kwimigca yokuhlanganisa iimoto, ukuphatha imithwalo kwiindawo zokugcina iimpahla, njl.
3. Ukutshiza: Ukusetyenziswa kweerobhothi zoshishino kwintsimi yokutshiza kunokufikelela kwizinga eliphezulu kunye nokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kokutshiza. Umzekelo, ukupeyinta umzimba wemoto, umzobo wefenitshala yomphezulu, njl.
4. Ukusika: Ukusetyenziswa kweerobhothi zoshishino kwintsimi yokusika kunokufezekisa ukuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nokusebenza kwesantya esiphezulu. Ngokomzekelo, ukusika isinyithi, ukusika iplastiki, njl.
5. INdibano: Ukusetyenziswa kweerobhothi zoshishino kwintsimi yendibano kunokufezekisa imisebenzi yendibano ezenzekelayo kunye neguquguqukayo. Ngokomzekelo, indibano yemveliso ye-elektroniki, i-automotive component assembly, njl.
3, Amatyala
Ukuthatha isicelo seiirobhothi zoshishinokwiplanti yokuvelisa iimoto njengomzekelo, chaza ukusetyenziswa kunye noncedo lweerobhothi zemizi-mveliso ezinamazembe amathandathu. Kumgca wemveliso weplanti yokuvelisa iimoto, iirobhothi zamashishini zisetyenziselwa ukudibanisa okuzenzekelayo kunye nokuphatha amalungu omzimba. Ngokulawula intshukumo ye-axis emithandathu yerobhothi, le misebenzi ilandelayo inokufezekiswa:
Ukuhambisa amalungu omzimba ukusuka kwindawo yokugcina ukuya kwindawo yokuhlanganisa;
Ukudibanisa ngokuchanekileyo iindidi ezahlukeneyo zamacandelo ngokweemfuno zenkqubo;
Ukuqhuba ukuhlolwa komgangatho ngexesha lenkqubo yokuhlanganisana ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso;
Zipakishe kwaye ugcine amalungu omzimba adityanisiweyo ukuze aqhubeke nomsebenzi olandelayo.
Ngokusebenzisa iirobhothi zemizi-mveliso ukudibanisa okuzenzekelayo kunye nokuthutha, umzi-mveliso wokwenza iimoto unokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, ukunciphisa iindleko zabasebenzi, kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wemveliso kunye nokhuseleko. Kwangaxeshanye, ukusetyenziswa kweerobhothi zamashishini kunokunciphisa ukwenzeka kweengozi ezinxulumene nomsebenzi kunye nezifo zasemsebenzini kwimigca yemveliso.
Iirobhothi zemizi-mveliso, iirobhothi ezininzi ezidityanisiweyo, iirobhothi zescara, iirobhothi ezisebenzisanayo, iirobhothi ezihambelanayo, iirobhothi ezihambayo,iirobhothi zenkonzo, iirobhothi zokuhambisa, iirobhothi zokucoca, iirobhothi zonyango, iirobhothi ezitshayelayo, iirobhothi zemfundo, iirobhothi ezikhethekileyo, iirobhothi zokuhlola, iirobhothi zokwakha, iirobhothi zezolimo, iirobhothi ezine-quadruped, iirobhothi ezingaphantsi kwamanzi, amacandelo, izinciphisi, ii-servo motors, abalawuli, izivamvo, ukulungiswa
4, Uphuhliso
1. Ubukrelekrele: Ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji yobukrelekrele bokwenziwa, iirobhothi zamashishini zisiya kubukrelekrele. Iirobhothi ezikrelekrele zemizi-mveliso zinokufezekisa imisebenzi efana nokufunda ngokuzimeleyo kunye nokwenza izigqibo, ngaloo ndlela zilungelelanise ngcono iimeko zemveliso ezintsonkothileyo nezihlala zitshintsha.
2. Ukuguquguquka: Ngokwahlukana kunye nobuntu beemfuno zemveliso, iirobhothi zamashishini ziphuhlisa ukuguquguquka. Iirobhothi zefektri eziguquguqukayo zinokufikelela ekutshintsheni ngokukhawuleza kwemisebenzi emininzi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zemveliso.
3. Ukudityaniswa: Ngomkhwa wokudibanisa kwiinkqubo zemveliso, iirobhothi zemizi-mveliso ziphuhlisa ekudityanisweni. Iirobhothi ezidityanisiweyo zoshishino zinokufikelela ekudibaneni komthungo kunye nezinye izixhobo zokuvelisa, ngaloo ndlela ziphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuzinza kwayo yonke inkqubo yemveliso.
4. Ukusebenzisana: Ngokuphuhliswa kobugcisa bokubambisana noomatshini bomntu, iirobhothi zamashishini zihambela kwintsebenziswano. Iirobhothi zamashishini ezisebenzisanayo zinokufikelela kwintsebenziswano ekhuselekileyo nabantu, ngaloo ndlela zinciphisa umngcipheko wokhuseleko kwinkqubo yokuvelisa.
Isishwankathelo, iteknoloji ye-axis emithandathu yeiirobhothi zoshishinoisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo, idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, ukunciphisa iindleko zemveliso, kunye nokuqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso. Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwetekhnoloji, iirobhothi zemizi-mveliso ziya kuphuhlisa ubukrelekrele, ukuguquguquka, ukudibanisa, kunye nentsebenziswano, ukuzisa utshintsho olukhulu kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso.
5. Imingeni kunye namaThuba
Imingeni yobuchwephesha: Nangona iteknoloji yeiirobhothi zoshishinobenze inkqubela ebonakalayo, basajongene nemingeni emininzi yobugcisa, njengokuphucula ukuchaneka kwentshukumo yeerobhothi, ukufikelela kwiindlela ezintsonkothileyo ezishukumayo, kunye nokuphucula amandla okubona iirobhothi. Le mingeni yethekhinoloji kufuneka yoyiswe ngophando oluqhubekayo kunye nokusungula izinto ezintsha.
Umngeni weendleko: Ixabiso leerobhothi zemizi-mveliso liphezulu kakhulu, nto leyo engumthwalo onganyamezelekiyo kumashishini amaninzi amancinci naphakathi. Ke ngoko, indlela yokunciphisa iindleko zeerobhothi zeshishini kwaye uzenze zidume ngakumbi kwaye zisebenziseke ngumba obalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwangoku lweerobhothi zoshishino.
Umceli mngeni weetalente: Uphuhliso lweerobhothi zamashishini lufuna inani elikhulu leetalente zobuchwephesha, kubandakanya uphando kunye nophuhliso lwabasebenzi, abaqhubi, kunye nabasebenzi bolondolozo. Nangona kunjalo, ukunqongophala kwetalente yangoku kwintsimi yeerobhothi zemizi-mveliso kusenzima kakhulu, nto leyo ibeka umqobo othile kuphuhliso lweerobhothi zamashishini.
Umceli mngeni woKhuseleko: Ngokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kweerobhothi zamashishini kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, indlela yokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lweerobhothi kwinkqubo yokusebenza ibe yingxaki engxamisekileyo ukuba isonjululwe. Oku kufuna ingqwalasela ebanzi kunye nophuculo kuyilo, ukwenziwa, kunye nokusetyenziswa kweerobhothi.
Ithuba: Nangona iirobhothi zamashishini zijongene nemingeni emininzi, amathuba azo ophuhliso asebanzi kakhulu. Ngokwaziswa kweekhonsepthi ezifana ne-Industry 4.0 kunye nokuveliswa okukrelekrele, iirobhothi zamashishini ziya kudlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwimveliso yamashishini yexesha elizayo. Ukongeza, ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji efana nobukrelekrele bokwenziwa kunye nedatha enkulu, iirobhothi zamashishini ziya kuba nobukrelekrele obunamandla kunye nokuguquguquka, ukuzisa amathuba angakumbi emveliso yamashishini.
Isishwankathelo, itekhnoloji ye-axis emithandathu yeerobhothi zamashishini iphumelele iziphumo ezibalulekileyo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa, izisa utshintsho olukhulu kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso. Nangona kunjalo, uphuhliso lweerobhothi zemizi-mveliso lusajongene nemiceli mngeni emininzi ekufuneka yoyiswe ngokuqhubeka nokusungula itekhnoloji kunye nokulinywa kweetalente. Kwangaxeshanye, iirobhothi zemizi-mveliso ziya kuzisa amathuba amaninzi ophuhliso, zizisa amathuba amaninzi kwimveliso yamashishini yexesha elizayo.
I-6, i-robot yemizi-mveliso emithandathu
Yintoni irobhothi yemizi-mveliso emithandathu? Isetyenziselwa ntoni irobhothi yemizi-mveliso emithandathu?
Iirobhothi ezintandathu ze-axis zinceda kubukrelekrele bemizi-mveliso kunye nokuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha kukhokelela kwishishini lemveliso elizayo.
A iirobhothi ezintandathu zeshishinisisixhobo esizisebenzelayo esiqhelekileyo esinamazembe amathandathu ahlangeneyo, ngalinye lawo lidityanisiwe, livumela irobhothi ukuba ihambe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, njengokujikeleza, ukujija, njl. I-axis ye-L), ingalo ephezulu (i-U-axis), ukujikeleza kwesandla (i-R-axis), ukujiwulwa kwesihlahla (i-B-axis), kunye nokujikeleza kwesandla (T-axis).
Olu hlobo lwerobhothi luneempawu zokuguquguquka okuphezulu, umthwalo omkhulu, kunye nokuchaneka kokumisa okuphezulu, ngoko ke isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwindibano ezenzekelayo, ukupeyinta, ukuthuthwa, ukuwelda kunye neminye imisebenzi. Umzekelo, iimveliso zerobhothi ze-ABB ezithandathu ze-axis ezichaziweyo zinokubonelela ngezisombululo ezifanelekileyo kwizicelo ezifana nokuphatha izinto eziphathekayo, ukulayishwa komatshini kunye nokukhulula, ukuwelda indawo, i-arc welding, ukusika, ukudibanisa, ukuvavanywa, ukuhlolwa, ukudibanisa, ukucola kunye nokupolisha.
Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kweenzuzo ezininzi zeerobhothi ze-axis ezintandathu, kukho imingeni kunye neengxaki, ezifana nokulawula indlela eshukumayo ye-axis nganye, ukulungelelanisa intshukumo phakathi kwe-axis nganye, kunye nendlela yokuphucula isantya sentshukumo yerobhothi kunye nokuchaneka. Ezi ngxaki kufuneka zoyiswe ngokwenziwa ngokutsha kobuchwepheshe obuqhubekayo kunye nokwandisa.
Irobhothi ye-axis emithandathu yingalo yerobhothi edibeneyo eneentsimbi ezijikelezayo ezintandathu, enenzuzo yokuba nenkululeko ephezulu efana nesandla somntu kwaye ifaneleke phantse nayiphi na indlela okanye i-angle yomsebenzi. Ngokudibanisa kunye neziphumo ezahlukeneyo zokugqibela, iirobhothi ze-axis ezintandathu zinokuthi zilungele uluhlu olubanzi lweemeko zesicelo ezifana nokulayishwa, ukukhulula, ukupeyinta, unyango olungaphezulu, uvavanyo, umlinganiselo, i-arc welding, i-spot welding, ukupakishwa, indibano, izixhobo zomatshini wokusika i-chip, ukulungiswa, imisebenzi yendibano ekhethekileyo, ukubumba, ukuphosa, njl.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukusetyenziswa kweerobhothi ze-axis ezintandathu kwindawo yoshishino kuye kwanda ngokuthe ngcembe, ngakumbi kumashishini afana namandla amatsha kunye nezixhobo zemoto. Ngokutsho kwedatha ye-IFR, ukuthengiswa kweerobhothi zehlabathi jikelele kufikelele kwi-21.7 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zase-US ngo-2022, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba kufikelele kwi-23 yeebhiliyoni ze-yuan ngo-2024. Phakathi kwabo, umlinganiselo wokuthengiswa kweerobhothi zaseTshayina kwihlabathi lidlule kwi-50%.
Iirobhothi ze-axis ezintandathu zinokwahlulwa kwakhona zibe ngamazembe amathandathu amakhulu (> 20KG) kunye nezincinci ezintandathu (≤ 20KG) ngokobungakanani bomthwalo. Ukusuka kwizinga lokukhula kweentengiso ezihlanganisiweyo kwiminyaka emi-5 edlulileyo, iirobhothi ezinkulu ezintandathu (48.5%)>iirobhothi ezisebenzisanayo (39.8%)>ezincinci ezintandathu (19.3%)>Iirobhothi ze-SCRA (15.4%)>Iirobhothi zeDelta (8%) .
Iindidi eziphambili zeerobhothi zoshishino ziqukaiirobhothi ezintandathu, iirobhothi ze-SCRA, iirobhothi zeDelta, kunye neerobhothi ezisebenzisanayo. Ishishini le-robot ye-axis ye-axis ibonakaliswe ngokungabikho ngokwaneleyo komthamo wemveliso ephezulu kunye nokugqithisa kwinqanaba eliphantsi. Iirobhothi zelizwe lethu ezizimeleyo zohlobo lwemizi-mveliso ziquka iirobhothi ezilungelelanisiweyo ezintathu kunye neerobhothi ezine ezidibeneyo ezicwangcisiweyo, ezineerobhothi ezidibeneyo ezintandathu ezibalelwa ngaphantsi kwe-6% yentengiso yelizwe yeerobhothi zemizi-mveliso.
Irobhothi yeshishini yehlabathi iLonghairnake ibambe ngokuqinileyo isikhundla sayo njengenkokeli yeerobhothi zamashishini ehlabathi ngobuchule bayo bokugqibela bobuchwephesha benkqubo yeCNC. Kwinxalenye enkulu ye-axis emithandathu enezinga eliphantsi lendawo kunye nezithintelo eziphezulu, abavelisi abakhokelayo basekhaya abafana ne-Aston, i-Huichuan Technology, i-Everett, kunye ne-Xinshida baphambili, banomlinganiselo othile kunye namandla obugcisa.
Ngokubanzi, ukusetyenziswa kweiirobhothi ezintandathukwintsimi yoshishino ikhula ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye inethemba elibanzi lemarike.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-24-2023
