Ka la 30 Phuptjane, moprofesa Wang Tianmiao oa Univesithi ea Beijing ea Aeronautics and Astronautics o ile a memeloa ho nka karoloindasteri ea lirobotosub forum mme a fana ka tlaleho e ntle mabapi le theknoloji ea mantlha le mekhoa ea nts'etsopele ea liroboto tsa lits'ebeletso.

Joalo ka pina ea potoloho e telele haholo, joalo ka marang-rang a selefouno le li-smartphones (2005-2020), likoloi tse ncha tsa matla le likoloi tse bohlale (2015-2030), moruo oa dijithale le liroboto tse bohlale (2020-2050), joalo-joalo, esale e le matla haholo. e amehang ke mebuso, liindasteri, barutehi, sechaba sa matsete, le linaha tse ling, haholo-holo bakeng sa China. Ha likabelo tsa mebaraka le likabelo tsa baahi li ntse li fokola butle-butle, Kabelo ea thekenoloji e fetohile ntho ea mantlha bakeng sa ho tsosolosa moruo oa Chaena le tsoelo-pele e tsitsitseng le e potlakileng ea matla a eona a naha. Har'a tsona, bohlale ba maiketsetso, liroboto tse bohlale, tlhahiso e phahameng ea thepa e ncha, ho se nke lehlakore ha carbon ea matla a macha, biotechnology, le theknoloji e meng e fetohile tšusumetso ea bohlokoa bakeng sa phetoho e ncha ea indasteri le tsoelo-pele e ncha ea moruo.

Nts'etsopele ea sechaba le mahlale a morao-rao a fapaneng a ntse a hlohlelletsa kholo le nts'etsopele ea liroboto tse bohlale ho tloha thekenoloji ho ea ho sebopeho.

Ntlafatso ea sekhahla sa indasteri le tlhoko ea kopano ea litoropo:ka lehlakoreng le leng, katleho le boleng ba boleng, ho fokotseha ha basebetsi le ho eketsa litšenyehelo, ho khothalletsa nts'etsopele ho tloha indastering ea bobeli ho ea ho ea thuto e phahameng le ho sebelisoa ha indasteri ea mantlha. Ka nako e ts'oanang, Belt le Road e se e le mocha oa bohlokoa oa phaello bakeng sa liroboto le likhoebo tse ikemetseng tsa tlhahiso ea China. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ho bokelloa ha baahi le thepa metseng e meholo, ho kenyelletsa lijo le lihlahisoa tsa temo, meroho e entsoeng esale pele le lijo tse ncha, ho hloekisa litšila le likhoerekhoere le tšireletso ea tikoloho, ho khanna ka mokhoa o ikemetseng le lipalangoang tse bohlale, tsamaiso e bohlale ea matla le ho boloka matla le phapanyetsano, Tlhokomelo ea AIot le polokeho, liroboto tse thusang likoluoeng, hammoho le liroboto bakeng sa lipuisano, thepa, ho hloekisa, lihotele, lipontšo, kofi, joalo-joalo, kaofela li hlokahala ka potlako. liroboto tsa tšebeletso le lihlahisoa.

Ho potlakisa sechaba sa botsofali le tlhoko ea boithabiso ba moloko o mocha, lipapali tsa setso le tsa boqapi:

Ka lehlakoreng le leng, tlhokahalo ea liroboto tse kang ho qoqa, ho felehetsa, mothusi, tlhokomelo ea maqheku, tsosoloso, le meriana ea setso ea Sechaena e ntse e eketseha ka potlako, ho kenyelletsa le liroboto tsa bongaka tse sa foleng tsa digital le liroboto tsa AI, ho ikoetlisa le ho tsosolosa le liroboto tsa setso tsa Machaena. , liroboto tse fumanehang habonolo, ho silila le ho lahla mantleliroboto, bao 15% ea bona ba fetang lilemo tse 65 le 25% ba fetang lilemo tse 75 45% ea batho ba lilemo li 85 ho ea holimo ba hloka tšebeletso ena. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, liroboto bakeng sa bacha libakeng tse kang theknoloji, liindasteri tsa setso le tsa boqapi, boithabiso le lipapali, ho kenyeletsoa mokhatlo oa batho le puisano, liroboto tse bohlale tsa mochini oa batho, liroboto tse tsamaeang le maikutlo, liroboto tsa ho pheha, liroboto tse hloekisang, VR. liroboto tse ikhethileng tsa boikoetliso, liroboto tsa stem cell le liroboto tsa ente ea botle, liroboto tsa boithabiso le tantši, jj.

Liroboto tse ke keng tsa nkeloa sebaka maemong a khethehileng: ka lehlakoreng le leng, ho na le tlhoko ea mahlale a tsoetseng pele joalo ka tlhahlobo ea li-interstellar, ts'ebetso ea kalafo e nepahetseng, le lisele tsa baeloji, ho kenyeletsoa tlhahlobo ea sebaka le bojaki, lihokelo tsa boko le tlhokomeliso, liroboto tsa ho buoa le li-nanorobots tsa vascular, litho tsa mmele tsa electromyographic, tse phetseng hantle le tse thabisang. theknoloji ea biochemical, le bophelo bo sa feleng le moea. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ts'ebetso e kotsi le ts'usumetso ea ntoa ea lehae, ho kenyelletsa lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele ea ts'ebetso e kotsi, pholoso le liphallelo tsa likoluoa, likoloi tsa sefofane tse sa sebetsoeng, litanka tse se nang batho, likepe tse se nang batho, lisebelisoa tse bohlale tsa libetsa, masole a liroboto, jj.

Matla 1:Lihlooho tse chesang tsa Frontier lipatlisisong tsa mantlha, haholo lisebelisoa tse ncha le liroboto tse bonolo tse kopantsoeng ka thata, NLP le multimodality, likhokahano tsa khomphutha ea boko le tsebo, software ea mantlha le sethala, joalo-joalo, li bohlokoa haholo, kaha tsoelo-pele ea mantlha e lebelletsoe ho fetola sebopeho, mesebetsi ea sehlahisoa, le mekhoa ea litšebeletso tsa liroboto.

1. Theknoloji ea robot ea humanoid, lintho tse phelang tse kang bophelo, mesifa ea maiketsetso, letlalo la maiketsetso, taolo ea electromyographic, litho tsa 'mele, liroboto tse bonolo, joalo-joalo;

2. DNA nanorobots le lisebelisoa tse ncha tse nyenyane / nano, li-nanomaterials, MEMS, khatiso ea 3D, li-prostheses tse bohlale, kopano ea tlhahiso ea micro / nano, ho khanna phetoho ea matla, ho qobella ho sebelisana ha maikutlo, joalo-joalo;

3. Theknoloji ea ho lemoha lintho tse phelang, li-audiovisual force touch sensors, bohale ba AI computing, khokahanyo e thata e feto-fetohang, kopano e tsamaisoang ke maikutlo, joalo-joalo;

4. Kutloisiso ea puo ea tlhaho, temoho ea maikutlo le thekenoloji ea ho sebelisana le k’homphieutha ea motho, thekenoloji ea puisano e bohlale ea puisano, tšebelisano ea maikutlo, puisano e hōle, le tlhokomelo ea bana le maqheku;

5. Khokahano ea khomphutha ea boko le theknoloji ea ho kopanya mechatronics, mahlale a boko, kelello ea methapo, matšoao a electromyographic, graph ea tsebo, temoho ea kelello, monahano oa mochini, joalo-joalo;

6. Theknoloji ea ho kopanya batho le liroboto ea Metaverse, moloko o latelang oa inthanete, tšebelisano ea boithabiso, baemeli, tlhokomeliso ea maemo, ts'ebetso e hole, joalo-joalo;

7. Theknoloji ea liroboto tse kopantsoeng li kopanya matsoho, maoto, mahlo le boko, tse nang le sethala sa mohala,letsoho la robotiki, mojule oa pono, phello ea ho qetela, joalo-joalo. E kopanya maikutlo a tikoloho, boemo le ho tsamaisa, taolo e bohlale, temoho e sa hlophisehang ea tikoloho, tšebelisano ea mechine e mengata, lipalangoang tse bohlale, joalo-joalo;

8. Super software automation, lisebelisoa tsa ts'ebetso ea liroboto, liroboto tse bonolo, RPA, tsamaiso ea thepa, lichelete, tsamaiso ea 'muso, joalo-joalo;

9. Theknoloji ea liroboto tsa tšebeletso ea leru, lits'ebeletso tse ajoang tsa maru, litsi tsa ts'ebetso ea maru, bohlale ba maiketsetso le ho ithuta ka mochine, bohlale ba maiketsetso bo ka tolokang, litšebeletso tsa khiriso tse hōle, litšebeletso tsa ho ruta tse hōle, roboto e le tšebeletso ea RaaS, joalo-joalo;

10. Ethics, Robotics for Good, Employment, Privacy, Ethics and Law, joalo-joalo.

Matla 2: Liroboto+, e nang le li-sensor le likarolo tsa mantlha, lits'ebetso tsa khoebo tse maemong a holimo (joalo ka thepa ea kahare le kantle, ho hloekisa, bathusi ba tlhokomelo ea maikutlo, joalo-joalo), 'me software ea Raas le App e bohlokoa haholo, kaha ho lebelletsoe hore li tla senya sehlahisoa se le seng. moeli oa liyuniti tse fetang limilione tse leshome kapa ho theha mofuta oa khoebo o ipapisitseng le peeletso

Likarolo tsa mantlha tsa boleng bo holimo li kenyelletsa pono ea AI, matla le ho ama, RV, motor, AMR, software ea moralo le ts'ebeliso, joalo-joalo; Lisebelisoa tse ikemetseng tsa software tse kang AIops, RPA, Raas, le mefuta e meng e meholo e emeng, ho kenyeletsoa li-platform tsa litšebeletso tsa maru tse kang Raas bakeng sa ho hira, koetliso, ts'ebetso le nts'etsopele ea kopo; Liroboto tsa bongaka; Liroboto tse entsoeng ka mehala ea ho kenya le ho laolla, ho sebetsana le thepa, kapa ho hloekisa; Bakeng sa boithabiso, ho pheha, ho silila, moxibustion, ho tsamaisana le liroboto tse ling tsa tšebeletso; Bakeng sa litsamaiso tse sa laoleheng tsa temo, kaho, ho recycle, ho qhaqha, matla, indasteri ea nyutlelie, joalo-joalo.

Mabapi le liroboto le lits'ebetso tsa khoebo, lik'hamphani tse ling tsa China le tsona li ntse li hlaha lebaleng la liroboto tse felletseng le likarolo tsa mantlha. Ba lebelletsoe ho ba le litebello tse pharalletseng tsa ts'ebeliso ea matla a macha, thepa e ikemetseng, lihlahisoa tsa temo le bareki, theknoloji ea bioloji, lits'ebeletso tsa sechaba, lits'ebeletso tsa malapa le likarolo tse ling, tse bonts'ang nts'etsopele e phatlohileng masimong a arohaneng.

"Leano la 14th la Lilemo tse Hlano bakeng sa Nts'etsopele ea Indasteri ea Liroboto" le bolela hore sekhahla sa kholo ea selemo le selemo sa lekeno la ts'ebetso indastering ea liroboto nakong ea Moralo oa Lilemo tse Mehlano oa 14 se feta 20%, mme sekhahla sa liroboto tsa tlhahiso se imenne habeli. Maemo a ts'ebeliso a akaretsa litekanyo tse ngata joalo ka G end, B end, le C end. Litekanyetso tsa tikoloho, sebaka se phahameng sa maqhubu, le litšenyehelo tsa basebetsi le tsona li etsa hore "ho nchafatsa mochini" e be ntlha e bohloko maemong a mang.

Matla 3: Mohlala o moholo + roboto, e lebelletsoeng ho kopanya mohlala o moholo ka kakaretso le mohlala o moholo o otlolohileng oa lits'ebetso tse ikhethileng tsa liroboto maemong a ts'ebeliso ea tšebelisano ea bohlale bo kentsoeng, tsebo le maemo, ho ntlafatsa haholo boemo ba bohlale ba liroboto le ho tebisa ts'ebeliso ea eona e atileng.

Joalo ka ha ho tsebahala, mefuta e mengata ea multimodal, NLP, CV, e sebetsanang le mefuta e meng ea AI e ntlafatsa mekhoa ea ho lemoha liroboto, ho rarahana ha tikoloho, ho etsa liqeto le taolo ea fusion e thehiloeng tsebong, 'me ho lebelletsoe hore e tla ntlafatsa haholo boemo ba bohlale ba liroboto le ka bophara. mafapha a ts'ebeliso, haholo ho kopantseng maemo a sebelisanang, a thehiloeng tsebong, le a ts'ebeliso e tloaelehileng ea bohlale bo kentsoeng, Ho kenyeletsoa mahlale le thuto, bathusi, bahlokomeli, tlhokomelo ea maqheku, hammoho le ts'ebetso ea ho tataisa, ho hloekisa, thepa, joalo-joalo, ho lebeletsoe ho etsa tsoelo-pele pele.

Matla 4:Liroboto tsa Humanoid (biomimetic) li lebelletsoe ho theha mofuta o kopaneng oa lihlahisoa tsa liroboto tse le 'ngoe, tse lebelletsoeng ho lebisa nts'etsopeleng e potlakileng ea li-chip tsa AI, li-sensor tse fapaneng, le kaho bocha ea phepelo le ho eketsa likarolo tsa liroboto.

Ho fihla ha nako ea "roboto +" ho kenyelletsa liroboto tse limilione tse likete tsa biomimetic. Ka ho matlafala ha botsofali ba baahi le nts'etsopele e atlehileng ea tlhahiso e bohlale, ka nako e ts'oanang, liroboto, bohlale ba maiketsetso, le lits'ebeletso tsa maru data e kholo e kena molemong oa nts'etsopele e sitisang. Liroboto tsa Bionic li tsamaisa nts'etsopele ea kholo ea indasteri ea liroboto tse bohlale ka tsela e 'ngoe ea ntlafatso ea litšebeletso tsa maru, tse bohlale le tse bohlale. Har'a tsona, liroboto tsa humanoid le quadruped e tla ba lipina tse peli tse tšepisang ka ho fetesisa har'a liroboto tsa biomimetic. Ho latela likhakanyo tse nang le tšepo, haeba 3-5% ea lekhalo la basebetsi lefatšeng ka bophara e ka nkeloa sebaka ke liroboto tsa biomimetic humanoid lipakeng tsa 2030 le 2035, ho lebelletsoe hore tlhoko ea liroboto tsa humanoid e tla ba liyuniti tse ka bang limilione tse 1-3, tse tsamaellanang le Mmaraka oa lefats'e o feta li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 260 le 'maraka oa Chaena o fetang li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 65.

Liroboto tsa Biomimetic li ntse li etelletsa pele mathata a bohlokoa a tekheniki a botsitso bo feto-fetohang le ts'ebetso e matla ea ts'ebetso. Ho fapana le liroboto tsa setso, e le hore li tsamaee ka mokhoa o bonolo le ho sebetsa libakeng tse sa hlophisoang, liroboto tsa biomimetic le humanoid li na le tlhoko e potlakileng ea botsitso ba sistimi le likarolo tsa mantlha tsa mantlha. Mathata a bohlokoa a tekheniki a kenyelletsa likarolo tse phahameng tsa torque density drive, taolo e bohlale ea ho sisinyeha, bokhoni ba pono ea tikoloho ea nako ea nnete, tšebelisano ea mochini oa batho le mahlale a mang. Sechaba sa barutehi se ntse se hlahloba ka mafolofolo lisebelisoa tse ncha tse bohlale, mesifa e thata e kopanyang ea maiketsetso Pono ea maiketsetso ea letlalo, liroboto tse bonolo, jj.

ChatGPT+Biomimetic Robot "e nolofalletsa liroboto ho tloha ho" ho tšoana ka sebopeho "ho" ho tšoana moeeng ". Open AI e tsetelitsoe ho 1X Technologies humanoid robot company ho kena ka molao indastering ea liroboto, ho hlahloba ts'ebeliso le ho fihla ha ChatGPT lebaleng la liroboto. , ho hlahloba mefuta e mengata ea lipuo tse kholo, le ho khothalletsa mokhoa oa ho ithuta oa ho ithuta oa humanoid liroboto ka motsoako oa tsebo ea mongolo oa batho-mochine oa ho sebelisana le tsebo ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea tikoloho ea mosebetsi, Ho rarolla bothata bo tebileng ba phephetso ea ho kopana ha moralo oa motheo oa algorithm ea software ea indasteri ea liroboto le pono ea pele ea AI edge computing.

Leha ho le joalo humanoidlirobotoho ba le mefokolo e bolaeang mabapi le ts'ebetso le matla, ts'ebeliso le boiketlo, hammoho le tlhokomelo le theko, hoa hlokahala ho ela hloko tsoelo-pele e sa lebelloang ea Tesla ea ho potlaka ha liroboto tsa humanoid. Lebaka ke hore Tesla e hlalositse bocha le ho etsa liroboto tsa humanoid ho tsoa maemong a eona a ts'ebeliso e ikhethang ho tsa tlhahiso ea likoloi tse kholo Jeremane, China, Mexico le libakeng tse ling, haholoholo mabapi le sebopeho sa mochini Electronic drive, moralo o mocha oa likarolo tse kopaneng tsa 40, esita le tse ling tsa tsona lia ferekanya, ho kenyelletsa le torque e fapaneng ea tlhahiso, lebelo la tlhahiso, ho nepahala ha boemo, ho satalla ho potoloha, maikutlo a matla, ho itšehla thajana, boholo ba molumo, joalo-joalo Litlhahiso tsena tsa pele tse ncha li lebelletsoe ho khanna nts'etsopele ea liroboto tsa humanoid ka "bokhoni ba ho lemoha, bokhoni ba ho sebelisana, ts'ebetso le bokhoni ba ho laola" mohlala oa komporo ea bokahohleng le ts'ebeliso ea moetso o moholo o otlolohileng, le ho tsoala liroboto tsa bona tsa AI. tlhophiso ea phepelo ea likarolo tse fapaneng tsa li-sensor le likarolo tsa liroboto e entse hore ho khonehe ho fokotsa butle-butle litšenyehelo ho tsoa ho Tesla Robotics, eo hona joale e fetang $ 1 milione, 'me e atamele theko ea thekiso. $20000.

Qetellong, ho sheba tsoelo-pele ea histori le mefuta ea sechaba, ho hlahloba mokhoa oa nakong e tlang oa mekhoa e fapaneng ea mekhoa e fapaneng le e senyang ea theknoloji ka thepa e ncha, matla a macha, biology, AI le likarolo tse ling. E shebane le ho theha litlhoko tse ncha tsa 'maraka bakeng sa botsofali ba lefats'e, ho fetoha ha litoropo, liphetoho tsa baahi, le marang-rang, bohlale le tekanyo, ho ntse ho na le ts'epo ea hore liroboto tsa ts'ebeletso ea lefats'e li tla phunyeletsa libilione tsa sebaka sa nts'etsopele ea mmaraka lilemong tse 10 tse tlang. litsekisano tse tharo tse kholo tse hlahelletseng: e 'ngoe ke tsela ea ho iphetola ha lintho tsa tlhaho? Lisebelisoa tsa indasteri, tsa khoebo, tsa humanoid, tse kholo kapa tse fapaneng; Ea bobeli, ho khanna ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng oa boleng ba khoebo? Ts'ebetso, koetliso, kopanyo, mechini e felletseng, likarolo, sethala, joalo-joalo, tumello ea IP, thekiso, khiriso, lits'ebeletso, lipehelo, joalo-joalo, le maano a tšebelisano a amanang le liunivesithi, likhoebo tsa poraefete, likhoebo tsa mmuso, boqapi, phepelo ea thepa. , motse-moholo, mmuso, joalo-joalo; Ea boraro, melao ea boitšoaro ea liroboto?