Marobhoti echinyakare eindasitiri ane vhoriyamu yakakura uye yakaderera kuchengetedza chinhu, sezvo pasina vanhu vanobvumidzwa mukati meiyo inoshanda radius.Nekuwedzera kuri kuita kudiwa kwesimba risina kurongeka sekugadzira uye kugadzira kunoshanduka, kugarisana kwemarobhoti nevanhu uye marobhoti ane nharaunda kwaisa pamberi pepamusoro zvinodiwa pakugadzira marobhoti.Marobhoti ane kugona uku anonzi marobhoti anodyidzana.
Marobhoti akabatanavane zvakawanda zvakanakira, zvinosanganisira kureruka, hushamwari kwezvakatipoteredza, kuona kwakangwara, kubatana kwevanhu nemuchina, uye nyore kuronga.Kuseri kwemabhenefiti aya, kune basa rakakosha, rinova kuona kudhumhana - basa guru nderekudzikisa kukanganiswa kwesimba rekudhumhana pamuviri werobhoti, kudzivirira kukuvadzwa kwemuviri werobhoti kana midziyo yeperipheral, uye zvakanyanya kukosha, kudzivirira iro robhoti kubva. kukuvadza vanhu.
Nekuvandudzwa kwesainzi uye tekinoroji, kune nzira dzakawanda dzekuwana kuona kudhumhana kwemarobhoti anodyidzana, kusanganisira kinematics, mechanics, optics, etc. Chokwadi, musimboti weiyi nzira dzekushandisa zvikamu zvine mabasa akasiyana ekuona.
Kudhumhana kuona kwemarobhoti anodyidzana
Kubuda kwemarobhoti hakuna kuitirwa kutsiva vanhu zvachose.Mabasa mazhinji anoda kushandira pamwe pakati pevanhu nemarobhoti kuti apedzise, inova iyo mamiriro ekuzvarwa kwemarobhoti akabatana.Chinangwa chepakutanga chekugadzira marobhoti anodyidzana ndechekudyidzana nekubatana nevanhu mubasa, kuitira kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka nekuchengetedza.
Muchiitiko chebasa,marobhoti anodyidzanashandira pamwe zvakananga nevanhu, saka nyaya dzekuchengetedza hadzigone kusimbiswa zvakanyanya.Kuti ive nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwekubatana kwevanhu-muchina, indasitiri yakagadzira mitemo yakawanda yakakodzera uye zviyero, nechinangwa chekutarisa nyaya dzekuchengetedza kwekubatana kwevanhu-muchina kubva pakugadzirwa kwemarobhoti anobatana.
Zvichakadaro, marobhoti anobatana pachawo anofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza uye kuvimbika.Nekuda kwehukuru hwenzvimbo yerusununguko rwemarobhoti anodyidzana, ayo anonyanya kutsiva basa revanhu munzvimbo dzakaoma uye dzine njodzi, zvinodikanwawo nekukurumidza uye nekuvimbika kuona zvinogona kudhumhana mukukuya, kuunganidza, kuchera, kubata uye mamwe mabasa.
Kuti udzivise kudhumhana pakati pemarobhoti anodyidzana nevanhu uye nharaunda, vagadziri vanoganhura kuona kudhumhana kuita matanho mana:
01 Kuona kusati kwadhumhana
Pakuisa marobhoti anodyidzana munzvimbo yebasa, vagadziri vanotarisira kuti marobhoti aya anogona kujairana nemhoteredzo sevanhu uye kuronga nzira dzavo dzekufamba.Kuti uite izvi, vagadziri vanoisa ma processors uye algorithms ekuona aine imwe simba rekombuta pamarobhoti anodyidzana, uye vanovaka imwe kana akati wandei kamera, masensa, uye radar senzira dzekuona.Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, kune zviyero zveindasitiri zvinogona kuteverwa kuti zvionekwe kusati kwadhumhana, senge ISO/TS15066 collaborative robhoti dhizaini, inoda kuti marobhoti anodyidzana arege kumhanya kana vanhu vasvika uye nekukasika apore kana vanhu vaenda.
02 Kuona kudhumhana
Iyi ingave hongu kana kwete fomu, inomiririra kana robhoti rekubatana rabonderana.Kuti udzivise kukonzera kukanganisa, vagadziri vanoisa chikumbaridzo chemarobhoti anobatana.Kumisikidzwa kwechikumbaridzo ichi kwakanyatso kuchenjera, kuve nechokwadi kuti haigone kukonzereswa nguva zhinji ukuwo uchitarisisa zvakanyanya kudzivirira kubonderana.Nekuda kwekuti kutonga kwemarobhoti kunonyanya kutsamira pamamotor, vagadziri vanosanganisa chikumbaridzo ichi nemotor adaptive algorithms kuti vakwanise kurovera kumira.
03 Kubonderana kuparadzaniswa
Mushure mekunge hurongwa hwasimbisa kuti kudhumhana kwaitika, zvinodikanwa kusimbisa iyo chaiyo kudhumhana nzvimbo kana kudhumhana.Chinangwa chekushandisa kuzviparadzanisa nevamwe panguva ino ndechekumisa nzvimbo yekudhumhana.Iko kudhumhana kuparadzaniswa kwezvechivanhu marobhotiinowanikwa kuburikidza nevarindi vekunze, nepo marobhoti anodyidzana achifanirwa kuitwa kuburikidza nealgorithms uye reverse kukwidziridzwa nekuda kwenzvimbo yavo yakavhurika.
04 Kuzivikanwa kwekurovera
Panguva ino, robhoti yekubatana yakasimbisa kuti kudhumhana kwakaitika, uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvakakosha zvakapfuura chikumbaridzo.Panguva ino, processor iri parobhoti inoda kuona kana kudhumhana kwakaitika netsaona zvichibva pakuziva ruzivo.Kana mutongo uri hongu, robhoti rekubatana rinoda kuzvigadzirisa;Kana ikatemwa sekusadhumhana kusiri kwetsaona, robhoti rekubatana rinomira nekumirira kugadziriswa kwevanhu.
Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti kuona kudhumhana ipfungwa yakakosha yemarobhoti anodyidzana kuti awane kuzviziva, achipa mukana wekushandiswa kwakakura kwemarobhoti anodyidzana uye kupinda muhuwandu hwakawanda hwezviitiko.Pamatanho akasiyana ekudhumhana, marobhoti anodyidzana ane zvakasiyana zvinodiwa kune masensa.Semuenzaniso, mu pre-collision yekuona nhanho, chinangwa chikuru chegadziriro ndechekudzivirira kudhumhana kuti kurege kuitika, saka basa re sensor nderekuona zvakatipoteredza.Kune nzira dzakawanda dzekuita, dzakadai semaonero anoenderana nemamiriro ekunze, millimeter wave radar yakavakirwa maonero ezvakatipoteredza, uye lidar yakavakirwa nharaunda maonero.Naizvozvo, ma sensor anoenderana uye algorithms anofanirwa kurongeka.
Mushure mekudhumhana kwaitika, zvakakosha kuti marobhoti anodyidzana azive nzvimbo yekudhumhana uye dhigirii nekukurumidza, kuitira kutora mamwe matanho ekudzivirira kuti mamiriro acho arambe achiwedzera.Iyo yekudhumhana yekuona sensor inoita basa panguva ino.Iwo akajairika kudhumhana ma sensors anosanganisira ma mechanical collision sensors, magnetic collision sensors, piezoelectric collision sensors, strain type collision sensors, piezoresistive plate collision sensors, uye mercury switch type collision sensors.
Isu tese tinoziva kuti panguva yekushanda kwemarobhoti akabatana, ruoko rwemarobhoti runoiswa pasi pe torque kubva kwakawanda nzira kuita kuti robhoti ruoko rufambe uye rushande.Sezvinoratidzwa pamufananidzo uri pazasi, sisitimu yekudzivirira yakashongedzerwa nema sensors ekudhumhana ichashandisa torque yakasanganiswa, torque, uye axial load reaction simba pakuona kudhumhana, uye robhoti rekubatana rinobva ramira kushanda.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-27-2023
