Musi waChikumi 30, purofesa Wang Tianmiao anobva kuBeijing University yeAeronautics and Astronautics akakokwa kuti atore chikamu muchikamu cheforum yerobhoti uye akapa mushumo unoshamisa pamusoro peiyo yakakosha tekinoroji uye mafambiro ekusimudzira emarobhoti ebasa.
Seyekupedzisira yakareba kutenderera track, senge nharembozha uye smartphones (2005-2020), mota nyowani uye mota dzakangwara (2015-2030), hupfumi hwedhijitari uye marobhoti akangwara (2020-2050), nezvimwewo, zvagara zvakanyanya. zvine chekuita nehurumende, maindasitiri, dzidzo, nharaunda dzekudyara, nedzimwe nyika, kunyanya kuChina.Sezvo migove yemusika uye migove yehuwandu zvishoma nezvishoma ichipera simba, Iyo tekinoroji dividend yave chinhu chakakosha kumutsiridza hupfumi hweChina uye kusimudzira uye nekukasira kusimudzira kwesimba rayo rakazara renyika.Pakati pavo, hungwaru hwekugadzira, marobhoti akangwara, kugadzirwa kwepamusoro-soro kwezvigadzirwa zvitsva, kusarerekera kabhoni kwesimba idzva, biotechnology, uye mamwe matekinoroji zvave zvakakosha kutyaira kune ramangwana shanduko yeindasitiri itsva uye kuvandudza hupfumi hutsva.
Kusimukira munharaunda uye yekucheka-kumucheto interdisciplinary innovation inogara ichikurudzira shanduko uye kuvandudzwa kwemarobhoti akangwara kubva kuhunyanzvi hwekugadzira.
Kuvandudzwa kwemaindasitiri uye kuunganidzwa kwemadhorobha kudiwa:kune rumwe rutivi, kushanda zvakanaka uye kutyaira kwemhando yepamusoro, kuderera kwevashandi uye kuwedzera mutengo, kusimudzira budiriro kubva kune yechipiri indasitiri kuenda kune yepamusoro indasitiri uye kushandiswa kweindasitiri yekutanga.Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo Belt uye Road yave yakakosha purofiti nzira yemarobhoti uye otomatiki ekugadzira mutsara mabhizinesi muChina.Nekune rimwe divi, kuunganidzwa kwehuwandu hwevanhu uye zvinhu mumaguta makuru, kusanganisira chikafu uye zvigadzirwa zvekurima, miriwo yakafanogadzirwa uye chikafu chitsva, marara emarara uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, kutyaira kwakazvimirira uye kufambisa kwehungwaru, kutonga kwesimba kwehungwaru uye kuchengetedza uye kuchinjanisa, AIot uye kuchengetedzwa kwekutarisa, njodzi-marobhoti okuyamura, pamwe nemarobhoti ekubvunzana, kutakura zvinhu, kuchenesa, mahotera, kuratidzwa, kofi, nezvimwewo, zvese zvave zvinodikanwa nekukurumidza sevhisi uye marobhoti echigadzirwa.
Kuwedzera kwenharaunda yekuchembera uye kudiwa kwevaraidzo yechizvarwa chitsva, tsika nemitambo yekugadzira:Kune rumwe rutivi, kudiwa kwemarobhotisekutaura, kuperekedza, mubatsiri, kuchembera, kudzoreredzwa, uye zvechivanhu Chinese mushonga zviri kuwedzera kukurumidza, kusanganisira digitaalinen chirwere chekurapa uye AI chaiwo marobhoti, kusimba uye rehabilitation uye yechinyakare Chinese mushonga masaja marobhoti, anosvikika mobile marobhoti, rolling masaja uye fecal. marobhoti ekurasa, ayo 15% ari pamusoro pemakore makumi matanhatu nemashanu uye 25% vane makore anopfuura makumi manomwe neshanu 45% yevanhu vane makore makumi masere nemashanu zvichikwira vanoda basa iri.Kune rimwe divi, marobhoti evechidiki munzvimbo dzakadai setekinoroji, maindasitiri etsika uye ekugadzira, varaidzo, uye mitambo, zvinosanganisira chaiwo sangano revanhu uye kutaurirana, munhu-muchina hybrid akangwara marobhoti, anofambidzana naye marobhoti, kubika marobhoti, kuchenesa marobhoti, VR. personalized fitness marobhoti, stem cell uye runako jekiseni marobhoti, varaidzo uye ekutamba marobhoti, nezvimwe.
Irreplaceable marobhoti mune akakosha mamiriro:kune rimwe divi, pane kudiwa kwehunyanzvi hwepamberi senge interstellar exploration, chaiyo kurapa mashandiro, uye biological tissues, kusanganisira kuongorora nzvimbo uye kutama, huropi kupindirana uye kuziva, kuvhiya marobhoti uye vascular nanorobots, electromyographic hupenyu tishu nhengo, hutano uye hunofadza. biochemical technology, uye hupenyu husingaperi nemweya.Nekune rimwe divi, mashandiro ane njodzi uye hondo yemuno inoda kukurudzira, kusanganisira kutsvagisa nekusimudzira mabasa ane njodzi, kununura nekuyamurwa nenjodzi, mota dzemuchadenga dzisina munhu, matangi asina kutakura vanhu, ngarava dzisina kurongwa, masisitimu ezvombo akangwara, masoja emarobhoti, nezvimwe.
Dynamic 1:Frontier inopisa misoro mukutsvagisa kwekutanga, kunyanya zvinhu zvitsva uye akaomesesa-anochinjika akabatanidza marobhoti akapfava, NLP uye multimodality, uropi komputa interfaces uye cognition, basic software nemapuratifomu, nezvimwewo, zvakanyanya kukosha, sezvo kubudirira mukutanga kwekutanga kunotarisirwa kushandura fomu, mabasa echigadzirwa, uye sevhisi modhi yemarobhoti.
1. Humanoid robhoti tekinoroji, zvipenyu zvakaita sehupenyu, tsandanyama dzekugadzira, ganda rekugadzira, electromyographic control, nhengo dzenyama, marobhoti akapfava, nezvimwe;
2. DNA nanorobots uye zvinhu zvitsva zviduku / nano components, nanomaterials, MEMS, 3D kudhinda, prostheses yakangwara, micro / nano kugadzira musangano, kutyaira simba rekushandura, kumanikidzira kupindirana kwemhinduro, nezvimwewo;
3. Biological perception tekinoroji, audiovisual force touch sensors, edge AI computing, rigid flexible coupling, maonero anofambiswa nekubatanidza, nezvimwe;
4. Kunzwisisa mutauro wechisikigo, kucherechedzwa kwemanzwiro uye tekinoroji yekudyidzana kwevanhu-kombuta, tekinoroji yekukurukurirana yakangwara yekudyidzana, kupindirana kwemanzwiro, kutaura kure, uye kuchengetwa kwevana nevakwegura;
5. Chimiro chekombuta yehuropi uye mechatronics yekubatanidza tekinoroji, sainzi yeuropi, neural consciousness, electromyographic signals, ruzivo girafu, kuziva kuziva, kufunga muchina, nezvimwe;
6. Metaverse chaiyo yemunhu uye robhoti yekubatanidza tekinoroji, inotevera-chizvarwa internet, kudyidzana kwevaraidzo, vamiririri, kuziva mamiriro, kushanda kure, nezvimwe;
7. The composite robhoti tekinoroji inobatanidza maoko, tsoka, maziso, uye uropi, zvinosanganisira nharembozha,robhoti ruoko, visual module, end effector, etc. Inobatanidza maonero ezvakatipoteredza, kuisa nzvimbo uye kufamba, kutonga kwehungwaru, kusagadziriswa kucherechedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, kushandiswa kwemichina yakawanda, kufambisa kwehungwaru, nezvimwewo;
8. Super software automation, marobhoti anoshanda masisitimu, marobhoti akapfava, RPA, manejimendi ezvivakwa, mari, otomatiki yehurumende, nezvimwe;
9. Cloud service robhoti tekinoroji, akagovera cloud services, cloud processing centers, artificial intelligence uye muchina kudzidza, kududzira artificial intelligence, kure kurenta mabasa, kure kudzidzisa mabasa, robhoti sebasa RaaS, nezvimwewo;
10. Ethics, Robotics for Good, Basa, Privacy, Ethics uye Mutemo, nezvimwewo.
Dynamic 2:Marobhoti +, ane ma sensors uye epakati zvikamu, yakakwira-frequency yakamisikidzwa yekutengeserana maapplication (senge emukati nekunze zvinhu, kuchenesa, manzwiro ekuchengeta vabatsiri, nezvimwewo), uye Raas neApp software iri kunyanya kutsoropodza, sezvo izvi zvichitarisirwa kupaza imwe chete. muganhu wechigadzirwa cheanopfuura mamirioni gumi mayuniti kana gadzira kunyorera kwakavakirwa bhizinesi modhi
Yakakwira kukosha-yakawedzera core components zvinosanganisira AI kuona, simba uye kubata, RV, mota, AMR, dhizaini uye application software, nezvimwe;Super software otomatiki maturusi akadai seAIops, RPA, Raas, uye mamwe akamira mahombe mamodheru, anosanganisira gore sevhisi mapuratifomu akadai seRaas yekurenda, kudzidzisa, kugadzirisa, uye kuvandudza kwekushandisa;Marobhoti ezvokurapa;Mobile composite marobhoti ekurodha nekuburitsa, kubata zvinhu, kana kuchenesa;Zvekuvaraidza, catering, masaja, moxibustion, kuperekedza uye mamwe masevhisi marobhoti;Kune masisitimu asina kurongwa mukurima, kuvaka, kudzokorodza, kuputsa, simba, indasitiri yenyukireya, nezvimwe.
Panyaya yemarobhoti uye maapplication ekutengesa, mamwe makambani muChina ari kubudawo mumunda weakazara marobhoti masisitimu uye zvakakosha zvikamu.Ivo vanotarisirwa kuve neyakakura tarisiro yekushandisa musimba idzva, otomatiki zvinhu, zvekurima uye zvigadzirwa zvevatengi, biotechnology, masevhisi eruzhinji, masevhisi emumba, uye mamwe minda, ichiratidza kuputika kwekusimudzira muminda yakakamurwa.
I "14th Five Year Plan yeKuvandudzwa kweRobhoti Indasitiri" inotaura kuti kuwedzera kwegore kwehuwandu hwemari yekushandisa muindasitiri yemarobhoti panguva ye14th Five Year Plan Plan inopfuura 20%, uye kuwanda kwekugadzira marobhoti kwakapetwa kaviri.Mamiriro ekushandisa anovhara zviyero zvakawanda senge G end, B end, uye C end.Mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza, nzvimbo yakakwira-frequency, uye mitengo yevashandi inoitawo "kutsiva muchina" nzvimbo inorwadza mune zvimwe zviitiko.
Dynamic 3:Big modhi + robhoti, iyo inotarisirwa kubatanidza iyo hombe modhi neyakagadzika hombe modhi yeakananga mashandisirwo erobhoti mune yekushandiswa mamiriro ezvakaiswa hungwaru kupindirana, ruzivo, uye kumira, kuvandudza zvakanyanya nhanho yehungwaru hwemarobhoti uye kudzamisa kushandiswa kwayo kwakapararira.
Sezvinozivikanwa, universal multimodal, NLP, CV, inopindirana uye mamwe maAI modhi ari kuvandudza marobhoti ekuona nzira, kwezvakatipoteredza cognitive kuomarara, ruzivo-based fusion kuita sarudzo uye kutonga, uye inotarisirwa kuvandudza zvakanyanya nhanho yehungwaru hwemarobhoti uye yakafara. minda yekushandisa, kunyanya mukubatanidzwa kweanodyidzana, ruzivo-rwakavakirwa, uye akamisikidzwa mashandisirwo ezviitiko zvehungwaru hwakaiswa, Kusanganisira sainzi nedzidzo, vabatsiri, vanochengeta, vachembera, pamwe nekutungamira mashandiro, kuchenesa, zvinhu, nezvimwewo, zvinotarisirwa. kutanga kuita mabhindauko.
Dynamic 4:Marobhoti eHumanoid (biomimetic) anotarisirwa kuumba fomu rakabatana rezvigadzirwa zvemarobhoti, izvo zvinotarisirwa kutungamira kukurumidza kusimudzira kweAI machipisi, masensa akasiyana-siyana, uye kuvakwazve kweketani uye kuwedzera kwezvikamu zvemarobhoti.
Kusvika kwenguva ye "robhoti +" inombundira mabhiriyoni emarobhoti ebiomimetic.Nekuwedzera kwekuchembera kwehuwandu uye kusimukira kuri kuita kwehungwaru kugadzira, panguva imwe chete, marobhoti, hungwaru hwekugadzira, uye masevhisi egore data hombe iri kupinda munhanho yekusimudzira.Bionic marobhoti ari kutyaira yakakura-kukura maindasitiri ekuvandudza marobhoti akangwara neimwe modular, yakangwara, uye yegore sevhisi nzira yekuvandudza.Pakati pawo, marobhoti ehumanoid uye mana achange ari maviri anonyanya kuvimbisa sub tracks pakati pebiomimetic marobhoti.Zvinoenderana nefungidziro ine tariro, kana 3-5% yegeji revashandi pasi rose rinogona kutsiviwa nemarobhoti ebiomimetic humanoid pakati pa2030 na2035, zvinotarisirwa kuti kudiwa kwemarobhoti ehunoid kunenge miriyoni imwe-3, inoenderana ne Saizi yemusika wepasi rose inodarika 260 bhiriyoni yuan uye musika wekuChina unodarika mabhiriyoni makumi matanhatu neshanu yuan.
Biomimetic marobhoti achiri kukoshesa akakosha tekinoroji matambudziko ekuchinjika kufamba kugadzikana uye dexterous operability operability.Kusiyana nemarobhoti echinyakare, kuitira kuti ufambe uye ushande munzvimbo dzisina kurongeka, mabhoti ebiomimetic uye humanoid ane kukurumidza kudiwa kwekugadzikana kwehurongwa uye yakakwirira-yekupedzisira core zvikamu.Iwo akakosha tekinoroji matambudziko anosanganisira yakakwira torque density drive mayuniti, yakangwara yekufamba kutonga, chaiyo-nguva yekuona kwezvakatipoteredza kugona, kupindirana kwevanhu-muchina, uye humwe hunyanzvi.Nharaunda yezvidzidzo iri kushingairira kuongorora zvinhu zvitsva zvakangwara, yakasimba inochinjika kubatanidza mamhasuru ekugadzira Maonero eganda, marobhoti akapfava, nezvimwe.
ChatGPT+Biomimetic Robot "inogonesa marobhoti kuti ashanduke kubva" kufanana muchimiro "kuenda" kufanana mumweya ". Vhura AI yakadyarwa mu1X Technologies humanoid robhoti kambani kupinda zviri pamutemo indasitiri yemarobhoti, kuongorora mashandisiro uye kumhara kweChatGPT mumunda wemarobhoti. , kuongorora mamodheru emitauro mikuru, uye kusimudzira iyo iterative yekudzidza yekuziva modhi yehunoid marobhoti mumubatanidzwa wevanhu-muchina wekudyidzana ruzivo ruzivo uye nharaunda yebasa rekushandisa ruzivo ruzivo, Kugadzirisa dambudziko rakakura rekunetsa rekubatanidzwa kweiyo yekutanga magumo sisitimu. algorithm yerobhoti indasitiri software uye maonero epamberi-yekupedzisira AI edge komputa.
Kunyange zvazvo marobhoti ehunoid ane utera hunouraya maererano nekushanda nesimba, kushandiswa uye nyore, pamwe nekugadzirisa uye mutengo, zvakakosha kubhadhara kufambira mberi kusingatarisirwi kweTesla yekukurumidza iteration yemarobhoti evanhu.Chikonzero ndechekuti Tesla akatsanangura zvakare uye akagadzira marobhoti ehunoid kubva kune ayo chaiwo maitiro ekushandisa muhukuru-hukuru kugadzirwa kwemotokari muGermany, China, Mexico, nedzimwe nzvimbo, kunyanya maererano nemuchina chimiro Electronic drive, dhizaini nyowani yezvikamu makumi mana zvakabatana, uye kunyange zvimwe zvacho zvinokanganisa, zvinosanganisira torque yakasiyana yekubuda, kukurumidza kubuda, kurongeka kwechokwadi, kuomarara kwekutenderera, kuona kwesimba, kuzvivharira, ukuru hwevhoriyamu, nezvimwewo kugona kuona, kugona kupindirana, kushanda uye kugona kutonga" universal computing modhi uye application inyanzvi yakatwasuka hombe modhi, uye kuzvara marobhoti AI machipisi Kukurumidza kukura kwemasensa akasiyana uye zvikamu zvemarobhoti kugadziridza uye kuyera kwaita kuti zvibvirire kuderedza zvishoma nezvishoma. inodhura kubva kuTesla Robotics, iyo ikozvino inodarika $ 1 miriyoni, uye inosvika pamutengo wekutengesa we $20000.
Chekupedzisira, tichitarisa kuvandudzwa kwenhoroondo uye mafomu emagariro, kuongorora mafambiro emangwana ekudyidzana uye kukanganisa tekinoroji innovation mune zvitsva zvinhu, simba idzva, biology, AI, uye mamwe minda.Tichitarisa pakugadzirwa kwemisika mitsva yekuda kuchembera kwenyika, maguta, shanduko yehuwandu hwevanhu, uye network, hungwaru, uye chiyero, kuchine kusagadzikana kuti marobhoti epasi rose ebasa achapwanya matrillion enzvimbo yekuvandudza musika mumakore gumi anotevera, nharo huru nhatu dzinobuda pachena: imwe inzira yekushanduka kwe morphological?Indasitiri, yekutengesa, humanoid, hombe modhi, kana akasiyana maapplication;Chechipiri, kutyaira kwakasimba kwemutengo wekutengesa?Kushanda, kudzidziswa, kusanganisa, michina yakakwana, zvikamu, mapuratifomu, nezvimwewo, mvumo yeIP, kutengesa, kurojesa, masevhisi, kunyoreswa, nezvimwe, uye mitemo yekudyidzana ine chekuita nemayunivhesiti, mabhizinesi akazvimirira, mabhizinesi ehurumende, hunyanzvi, cheni yekugovera. , capital, hurumende, etc;Chechitatu, tsika dzemarobhoti?Marobhoti anotendeukira sei kune akanaka?Zvinosanganisirawo basa, kuvanzika, tsika, tsika, uye nyaya dzemutemo dzinoenderana.
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-28-2023
