Mu myaka mike ishize, robot zabaye igikoresho cyingenzi gifasha ibigo kongera imirimo, umusaruro, niterambere ryihuse. Bitewe nubushake bukomeye bwo guhindura imibare munganda zinyuranye, inganda zo hejuru no mumasoko yo hasi murirobotUruganda rwinganda rwageze ku bisubizo bitangaje mubice bitandukanye, kandi inganda zateye imbere byihuse.
Ukuboza 2021, guverinoma y'Ubushinwa, ku bufatanye n’inzego za Leta 15, basohoye "Gahunda y’imyaka 14 y’iterambere ry’inganda za robo", isobanura akamaro gakomeye muri gahunda y’inganda za robo ndetse inatanga intego z’inganda z’imashini. gahunda, gusunika inganda za robo zubushinwa kurwego rushya.
Kandiuyu mwaka numwaka wingenzi mugushyira mubikorwa gahunda yimyaka 14 yimyaka itanu.Ubu, hamwe na kimwe cya kabiri cya gahunda yimyaka 14 yimyaka itanu, ni ubuhe buryo bwiterambere ryinganda za robo?
Urebye ku isoko ry’inguzanyo, Urusobe rw’imashini mu Bushinwa rwasanze mu gutegura ibikorwa byo gutera inkunga vuba aha, habaye igabanuka rikomeye mu bikorwa byo gutera inkunga kuva uyu mwaka watangira, kandi amafaranga yatangajwe nayo ari make ugereranije na mbere.
Ukurikije imibare ituzuye, hariibikorwa birenga 300mu nganda za robo muri 2022, hamweibikorwa birenga 100kurenzaMiliyoni 100n'amafaranga yose yatanzwe arengaMiliyari 30. .
Muri byo, isoko ry’inguzanyo mu nganda za robo ryari rishyushye kuva Mutarama kugeza Nzeri mu gice cya mbere cy’umwaka, kandi ugereranije neza kuva hagati kugeza mu mpera z'umwaka. Abashoramari bashishikajwe cyane no kugera ku ntera y’ikoranabuhanga ryo hagati kugeza mu rwego rwo hejuru, cyane cyane biboneka mu bice bitatu byingenzi by’imashini zikoresha inganda, ama robo y’ubuvuzi, na robo za serivisi. Muri byo, inganda zijyanye na robo yinganda zifite umubare munini wibikorwa byo gutera inkunga mubigo, bigakurikirwa numurima wa robo yubuvuzi, hanyuma umurima wa robot.
Nubwo bigarukira ku bintu byo hanze nk'icyorezo, ndetse no mu bihe by’ubukungu bwifashe nabi muri rusange,inganda za robo ziracyerekana imbaraga zikomeye zo gukura muri 2022, hamwe nubunini bwisoko burenga miliyari 100 namafaranga arenga miliyari 30.Icyorezo cy’icyorezo cyagiye gitera abantu benshi gukenera abantu badafite abapilote, bakora mu buryo bwikora, bafite ubwenge n’abakozi mu nzego nyinshi, biganisha ku buzima bwiza mu nganda zose za robo.
Reka dusubize amaso inyuma muri uyu mwaka. Kugeza ku ya 30 Kamena, muri uyu mwaka habaye ibikorwa 63 byo gutera inkunga inganda za robo zo mu gihugu. Mu bikorwa byo gutera inkunga byagaragaye, habaye ibikorwa 18 byo gutera inkunga ku rwego rwa miliyari y'amadorari, hamwe inkunga yose hamwe igera kuri miliyari 5-6.Ugereranije n'umwaka ushize, hari igabanuka rikomeye.
By'umwihariko, amasosiyete y’imashini zo mu gihugu yakiriye inkunga mu gice cya mbere cy’uyu mwaka atangwa cyane cyane mu bijyanye na robo za serivisi, ama robo y’ubuvuzi, na robo y’inganda. Mu gice cya mbere cyumwaka, habaye inkunga imwe irenga miliyari imwe yuan mu isiganwa ry’imashini za robo, ari naryo ryinshi ry’amafaranga menshi. Ishyaka ritera inkunga ni United Aircraft, hamwe na miliyari 1.2 z'amafaranga y'u Rwanda. Ubucuruzi bwacyo nyamukuru nubushakashatsi niterambere ryindege zitagira abadereva.
Kuki isoko yo gutera inkunga robot itameze neza nka mbere yuyu mwaka?
Impamvu y'ibanze ni ukokuzamuka kwubukungu bwisi yose biragenda gahoro kandi ubwiyongere bwibikenewe hanze ni ntege.
Ibiranga 2023 ni umuvuduko mukuzamuka kwubukungu bwisi. Vuba aha, Ishami rishinzwe imirimo ya robo y’ishyirahamwe ry’inganda z’imashini mu Bushinwa ryayoboye isuzuma ry’igihe giciriritse ry’ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya gahunda ya "14th Five Year" yo guteza imbere inganda za robo, maze ikora raporo y’isuzuma ishingiye ku bitekerezo bitandukanye.
Raporo y’isuzuma yerekana ko ibintu mpuzamahanga bigenda bihindagurika kandi bigenda bihinduka byazanye amakenga muri iki gihe, ubukungu bw’isi yose bwahuye n’ikinyuranyo, umukino hagati y’ibihugu bikomeye warushijeho gukomera, kandi isi yinjiye mu bihe bishya by’imivurungano no guhinduka.
Ikigega mpuzamahanga cy'imari (IMF) cyatangaje muri Mata 2023 Ubukungu bw'isi ku isi ko umuvuduko w'ubukungu ku isi mu 2023 uzagabanuka kugera kuri 2.8%, igabanuka rya 0.4 ku ijana uhereye ku biteganijwe mu Kwakira 2022; Banki y'isi yashyize ahagaragara raporo y’ubukungu bw’ubukungu ku isi muri Kamena 2023, iteganya ko izamuka ry’ubukungu ku isi rizagabanuka kuva kuri 3.1% muri 2022 rikagera kuri 2,1% muri 2023. Biteganijwe ko ubukungu bwateye imbere bugabanuka ku izamuka riva kuri 2.6% rikagera kuri 0.7%, mu gihe mu gihe amasoko azamuka ndetse n’ubukungu butera imbere hanze y’Ubushinwa biteganijwe ko igabanuka ry’iterambere riva kuri 4.1% rikagera kuri 2.9%.Mu rwego rwo kuzamuka kw’ubukungu bwifashe nabi ku isi, icyifuzo cya robo ku isoko cyaragabanutse, kandi iterambere ry’inganda za robo ntirizabura kandi rikagira ingaruka ku rugero runaka.
Byongeye kandi, mu gice cya mbere cy’uyu mwaka, inzego nkuru z’igurisha ry’inganda za robo, nka elegitoroniki, ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu, bateri y’amashanyarazi, ubuvuzi, n’ibindi, byagabanutse ku byifuzo, kandi kubera igitutu cy’igihe gito yo gutera imbere kumanuka, iterambere ryisoko rya robo ryadindije.
Nubwo ibintu bitandukanye byagize uruhare runini mu iterambere ry’inganda za robo mu gice cya mbere cy’uyu mwaka, muri rusange, hamwe n’ingufu zihuriweho n’amashyaka yose yo mu gihugu, iterambere ry’inganda za robo ryateye imbere kandi rigera ku bisubizo bimwe.
Imashini zo mu rugo zirihuta kugera kuri robo zo mu rwego rwo hejuru kandi zifite ubwenge, zagura ubujyakuzimu bwazo n'ubugari, kandi ibintu byo kugwa bigenda bitandukana. Nk’uko imibare ya MIR ibigaragaza, nyuma y’uko umugabane w’isoko ry’imashini za robo mu gihugu urenga 40% mu gihembwe cya mbere cy’uyu mwaka n’umugabane w’isoko ryo hanze wagabanutse munsi ya 60% ku nshuro ya mbere, umugabane w’isoko ry’inganda z’imashini zikomoka mu nganda zikomeje kwiyongera, ugera kuri 43.7. % mu gice cya mbere cyumwaka.
Ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ubuyobozi bwa guverinoma na politiki y’igihugu nka "robot +", ibitekerezo byo gusimburana mu gihugu byagaragaye cyane. Abayobozi b'imbere mu gihugu barimo kwihutira gufata ibicuruzwa byo mu mahanga ku mugabane w'imbere mu gihugu, kandi kuzamuka kw'ibicuruzwa byo mu gihugu ni mu gihe gikwiye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-03-2023
