Nko mu myaka ya za 1980, tekinoroji yo kureba robot yari imaze kwerekanwa mubushinwa. Ariko ugereranije n’ibihugu by’amahanga, Ubushinwa bwatangiye bitinze kandi ikoranabuhanga ryayo naryo risubira inyuma. Muri iki gihe, hamwe n’iterambere ryihuse n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga nka sensor, gutunganya amashusho, hamwe no gufata amashusho ya optique, iterambere ry’imashini mu Bushinwa ryahawe amababa yo guhaguruka, kandi hari iterambere ryujuje ubuziranenge kandi rifatika.
Impamvu zo guteza imbere iterambere ryicyerekezo cya robo
Nyuma ya 2008,icyerekezo cyimashini zo murugoyatangiye kwinjira mu cyiciro cyiterambere ryihuse. Muri iki cyiciro, inganda nyinshi za R&D zikora ibice byingenzi byerekana icyerekezo cya robo zakomeje kugaragara, kandi umubare munini wabashakashatsi ba sisitemu nyayo bahoraga bahuguwe, biteza imbere umuvuduko wihuse kandi wujuje ubuziranenge w’inganda zo kureba imashini zo mu gihugu.
Iterambere ryihuse ryicyerekezo cyimashini mubushinwa biterwa ahanini nimpamvu zikurikira:
01
Gukangura isoko
Mu myaka yashize, iterambere rya semiconductor hamwe nibikoresho bya elegitoronike byatumye ubwiyongere bwihuse bwibisabwa kumashini. Hamwe nisoko rya semiconductor kwisi yose rimaze kurenga miliyari 400 z'amadolari, isoko ryo kureba imashini naryo rihora ryiyongera. Muri icyo gihe, kuva icyifuzo cy’ingamba za "Made in China 2025", inganda za robo nazo zateye imbere byihuse, ari nazo zatumye iyerekwa ry’imashini ari "amaso" ya robo.
02
Inkunga ya politiki y'igihugu
Iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga ryazanywe no gusaba ipatanti mu gihugu cyacu, iyinjira ry’imari shingiro ryazanywe no gushyiraho ibirango by'igihugu, no gutangiza politiki y’inganda nka semiconductor, robotics, hamwe n’icyerekezo cy’imashini byose byatanze urufatiro n’ingwate ku buryo bwihuse iterambere ryimashini yo murugo.
03
Inyungu zawe
Nka tekinoroji yuzuye, iyerekwa ryimashini rirashobora gusimbuza ikoreshwa ryicyerekezo cyubukorikori ahantu hihariye, kurinda umutekano wabantu mugihe bizamura imikorere niterambere. Ku rundi ruhande,ikoreshwa rya mashini iyerekwamubihe bitandukanye akenshi birimo gusimbuza software, bifite inyungu zikomeye mukugabanya amafaranga yo gusimbuza abakozi nibikoresho.
Ni uruhe ruhare rwo kureba imashini muri robo yinganda?
Mu myaka yashize, iterambere ryihuse rya robo, cyane cyane ama robo yinganda, ryatumye ubwiyongere bugaragara bukenewe mubyerekezo byimashini kumasoko. Muri iki gihe, hamwe no gukomeza kwerekana icyerekezo kigana ku bwenge, ikoreshwa ry’imashini mu nganda riragenda ryiyongera.
01
Emera robot "gusobanukirwa"
Niba dushaka ko robo isimbuza umurimo wabantu neza, ikintu cya mbere tugomba gukora nukugira ngo "byumvikane". Iyerekwa rya robo rihwanye no guha ibikoresho bya robo yinganda n "" amaso ", bigatuma bashobora kubona ibintu neza kandi badacogora, kandi bigira uruhare mukugenzura amaso no gutahura abantu. Ibi nibyingenzi cyane mumashanyarazi manini cyane.
02
Emera robot "gutekereza"
Kuri robo yinganda, gusa nubushobozi bwo kureba ibintu barashobora gufata imyanzuro myiza no kugera kubibazo byubwenge kandi byoroshye. Imashini iyerekwa irayiha sisitemu yo kubara no gutunganya neza, bigereranya uburyo iyerekwa ryibinyabuzima ryerekana amashusho no gutunganya amakuru, bigatuma ukuboko kwa robo kurushaho kuba umuntu kandi guhinduka mubikorwa no mubikorwa. Mugihe kimwe, iramenya, igereranya, kandi itunganya amashusho, itanga amabwiriza yo gukora, hanyuma ikarangiza ibikorwa muburyo bumwe.
Nubwo hakiri icyuho, ntidushobora guhakana ko inganda zo kureba za robo zo mu Bushinwa zateye intambwe igaragara mu myaka yashize. Mu bihe biri imbere, icyerekezo cya robo nacyo kizakoreshwa cyane mubuzima bwa buri munsi bwabantu, bituma buriwese yumva igikundiro cyikoranabuhanga ryubwenge mubuzima.
Nka ngingo itaziguye ihuza ikoranabuhanga ryubwenge n’inganda, inganda za robo ziteganijwe gukomeza gutera imbere byihuse. Hatewe inkunga n’ibidukikije byiza byiterambere byiterambere hamwe nibintu bitandukanye bitera inganda zo murugo, ibigo byinshi kandi byinshi bizatera imbere kandi bikoreshe icyerekezo cya robo mugihe kizaza. Iterambere ryinganda za robo zo mubushinwa zizakomeza kwihuta.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-04-2024
