Hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryikoranabuhanga,robotbyinjiye mu mpande zose z'ubuzima bwacu kandi bihinduka igice cy'ingenzi muri sosiyete igezweho. Imyaka icumi ishize ni urugendo rwiza ku nganda za robo z’Ubushinwa kuva mu ntangiriro kugeza ku ntera nziza.Muri iki gihe, Ubushinwa ntabwo ari isoko ry’imashini nini ku isi gusa, ahubwo bwageze ku ntera ishimishije mu bushakashatsi n’ikoranabuhanga mu iterambere, mu nganda, no mu bikorwa.
Iyo usubije amaso inyuma mu myaka icumi ishize, inganda za robo z’Ubushinwa zari zatangiye. Muri kiriya gihe, tekinoroji yacu ya robo yari inyuma cyane kandi ahanini yashingiraga ku bicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga. Ariko rero, ibintu ntibyatinze. Hamwe n’inkunga ikomeye n’ubuyobozi bwa politiki mu gihugu mu guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga, ndetse no kwitabwaho n’ishoramari ry’inzego zinyuranye z’abaturage mu ikoranabuhanga ry’imashini, inganda z’imashini z’Ubushinwa zageze ku iterambere ryihuse mu myaka mike gusa.Muri 2013, kugurisha ama robo yinganda mubushinwa yagezeIbice 16000,kubara9.5%yo kugurisha ku isi. Ariko,muri 2014, igurisha ryiyongereye kugeraIbice 23000, umwaka-ku-mwaka kwiyongera43.8%. Muri kiriya gihe, umubare w’inganda za robo mu Bushinwa zatangiye kwiyongera buhoro buhoro, cyane cyane zikwirakwizwa mu turere two ku nkombe.
Iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga n’iterambere ry’inganda, inganda za robo z’Ubushinwa zinjiye mu cyiciro cy’iterambere ryihuse.Muri 2015, kugurisha ama robo yinganda mubushinwa yagezeIbice 75000, umwaka-ku-mwaka kwiyongera56.7%, Kubara27,6%yo kugurisha ku isi.Muri 2016, guverinoma y'Ubushinwa yasohoye "Gahunda y’iterambere ry’inganda za robo (2016-2020)", igamije intego yo kugera ku igurishwa ry’ibicuruzwa byigenga by’inganda byigenga bibarirwa mu mahangabarenga 60%y'ibicuruzwa byose byagurishijwemuri 2020.
Hamwe no guhindura no kuzamura inganda z’inganda z’Ubushinwa no gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba za "China Intelligent Manufacturing", inganda za robo z’Ubushinwa zinjiye mu cyiciro cy’iterambere ryiza.Muri 2018, kugurisha ama robo yinganda mubushinwa yageze149000ibice, umwaka-ku-mwaka kwiyongera kwa67.9%, Kubara36.9%yo kugurisha ku isi. Dukurikije imibare ya IFR, ingano y’isoko ry’imashini z’inganda mu Bushinwa ryagezeMiliyari 7.45Amadolari y'Abanyamerikamuri 2019, umwaka-ku-mwaka kwiyongera15.9%, kuyigira isoko rinini ryinganda za robo.Byongeye kandi, robot yigenga yubushinwa yigenga yakomeje kongera isoko ryabo ku isoko ryimbere mu gihugu.
Mu myaka icumi ishize, Abashinwaamasosiyete ya robozimaze kumera nk'ibihumyo, bikubiyemo imirima itandukanye nk'ubushakashatsi bwa robo n'iterambere, umusaruro, kugurisha, na serivisi. Izi nganda zikomeje gutera intambwe mu bushakashatsi bw’ikoranabuhanga n’iterambere, buhoro buhoro zigabanya icyuho n’urwego rwateye imbere ku isi. Hagati aho, ku nkunga ya politiki y’igihugu, inganda z’imashini z’Ubushinwa zagiye zikora buhoro buhoro urwego rw’inganda, hamwe n’irushanwa rikomeye kuva mu bicuruzwa biva mu mahanga kugeza ku ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya porogaramu.
Ku bijyanye no gushyira mu bikorwa, inganda za robo zo mu Bushinwa nazo zageze ku bikorwa byinshi. Imashini zishobora kugaragara mubice gakondo nko gukora ibinyabiziga no gukora ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, ndetse no mubice bigenda bigaragara nkubuvuzi, ubuhinzi, ninganda za serivisi. By'umwihariko mu bijyanye n'ubuvuzi n'ubuhinzi, ikoranabuhanga rya robo mu Bushinwa rigeze ku rwego rwo hejuru ku isi. Kurugero, robot yubuvuzi irashobora gufasha abaganga kubaga neza, kuzamura igipimo cyo gutsinda kubagwa; Imashini zikoresha ubuhinzi zirashobora gutangiza gutera, gusarura, no gucunga, kuzamura umusaruro mwinshi.
Mu myaka icumi ishize, inganda za robo z’Ubushinwa zagize impinduka nini.Kuva kwishingikiriza ku bicuruzwa biva mu mahanga kugeza ku guhanga udushya, kuva mu ikoranabuhanga ryasubiye mu buyobozi bw'isi, kuva mu murima umwe usaba kugeza ku isoko ryagutse, buri cyiciro cyuzuyemo ibibazo n'amahirwe. Muri iki gikorwa, twiboneye imbaraga n’imbaraga z’ikoranabuhanga mu Bushinwa, ndetse n’Ubushinwa bwiyemeje kandi bukomeje guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga.
Ariko, nubwo hari byinshi byagezweho,inzira iri imbere iracyuzuye ibibazo.Hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryikoranabuhanga no gukaza umurego mu guhatanira isoko, dukeneye kurushaho gushimangira udushya twikoranabuhanga nubushakashatsi niterambere, no kunoza irushanwa ryibanze. Muri icyo gihe, dukeneye kandi gushimangira ubufatanye mpuzamahanga no kungurana ibitekerezo, gushingira ku bunararibonye ku isi ndetse n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga, no guteza imbere iterambere ry’inganda z’imashini z’Ubushinwa ku rwego rwo hejuru.
Urebye imbere, inganda za robo z’Ubushinwa zizakomeza gukomeza umuvuduko w’iterambere ryihuse. Guverinoma y'Ubushinwa yashyize ahagaragara "Gahunda nshya yo Guteza Imbere Intelligence Intelligence Development". Kugeza mu 2030, ikoranabuhanga muri rusange no gukoresha ubwenge bw’ubukorikori mu Bushinwa bizahuzwa n’urwego rwateye imbere ku isi, kandi inganda z’ibanze z’ubwenge bw’ubukorikori zizagera kuri tiriyari imwe y’amadorari, zibe ikigo gikomeye cyo guhanga udushya mu buhanga ku isi. Tuzateza imbere inganda za robo z’Ubushinwa hagati mu rwego rwisi dufite imitekerereze ifunguye kandi ifite icyerekezo kinini. Twizera ko mu minsi iri imbere, ikoranabuhanga rya robo ry’Ubushinwa rizagera ku ntera n’iterambere rishya mu nzego nyinshi, bikagira uruhare runini mu iterambere n’iterambere ry’umuryango w’abantu.
Muri make ibikorwa byiterambere byiyi myaka icumi, ntitwabura kwishimira ibyo twagezeho mu nganda za robo z’Ubushinwa. Kuva mu ntangiriro kugeza ku ntera nziza, hanyuma no kuba indashyikirwa, buri ntambwe y’inganda za robo z’Ubushinwa ntizishobora gutandukana nimbaraga zacu hamwe no kwihangana. Muri iki gikorwa, ntitwungutse uburambe nubunararibonye gusa, ahubwo twakusanyije ubutunzi n'imyizerere bifite agaciro. Izi nimbaraga zitwara kandi zidutera inkunga yo gukomeza gutera imbere.
Hanyuma, reka twongere dusubize amaso inyuma turebe urugendo rwiza muri iyi myaka icumi kandi dushimire abantu bose bakoze cyane mu nganda z’imashini z’ubushinwa. Reka dufatanye gukora igishushanyo mbonera cyiza cyiterambere.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-08-2023
