Maloboti amtundu wamba ali ndi voliyumu yayikulu komanso chitetezo chochepa, chifukwa palibe anthu omwe amaloledwa mkati mwa malo ogwirira ntchito.Pakuchulukirachulukira kwazinthu zopanga zinthu zosasinthika monga kupanga mwatsatanetsatane komanso kupanga zosinthika, kupezeka kwa maloboti ndi anthu komanso maloboti okhala ndi chilengedwe kwapereka zofunika kwambiri pakupanga maloboti.Maloboti okhala ndi luso limeneli amatchedwa maloboti ogwirizana.
Maloboti ogwirizanaali ndi zabwino zambiri, kuphatikiza zopepuka, kuyanjana ndi chilengedwe, kuzindikira mwanzeru, mgwirizano wamakina a anthu, komanso kukonza mapulogalamu mosavuta.Kumbuyo kwa ubwino umenewu, pali ntchito yofunika kwambiri, yomwe ndi kuzindikira kugunda - ntchito yaikulu ndikuchepetsa mphamvu ya kugunda kwa thupi la robot, kupewa kuwonongeka kwa thupi la robot kapena zipangizo zozungulira, ndipo chofunika kwambiri, kuteteza robot ku kuwononga anthu.
Ndi chitukuko cha sayansi ndi zamakono, pali njira zambiri zopezera kugunda kwa ma robot ogwirizana, kuphatikizapo kinematics, mechanics, optics, ndi zina zotero.
Kuzindikira kugunda kwa maloboti ogwirizana
Kutuluka kwa maloboti sikunapangidwe kuti alowe m'malo mwa anthu.Ntchito zambiri zimafunikira mgwirizano pakati pa anthu ndi maloboti kuti amalize, zomwe ndi maziko a kubadwa kwa maloboti ogwirizana.Cholinga choyambirira chopanga maloboti ogwirira ntchito ndikulumikizana ndi kugwirizana ndi anthu pantchito, kuti athe kukonza bwino ntchito komanso chitetezo.
Muzochitika zantchito,maloboti ogwirizanagwirizanani mwachindunji ndi anthu, kotero nkhani zachitetezo sizingagogomezedwe mopambanitsa.Pofuna kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha mgwirizano wa makina a anthu, makampaniwa apanga malamulo ndi miyezo yambiri yoyenera, ndi cholinga choganizira za chitetezo cha mgwirizano wa makina a anthu kuchokera ku mapangidwe a robots ogwirizana.
Pakadali pano, maloboti ogwirizana nawonso ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti ali otetezeka komanso odalirika.Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ufulu wamaloboti ogwirizana, omwe makamaka amalowetsa ntchito za anthu m'malo ovuta komanso owopsa, ndikofunikiranso kuzindikira mwachangu komanso modalirika kugunda komwe kungachitike pakupera, kusonkhanitsa, kubowola, kusamalira ndi ntchito zina.
Pofuna kupewa kugundana pakati pa maloboti ogwirizana ndi anthu ndi chilengedwe, opanga amagawaniza kuzindikira kugunda m'magawo anayi:
01 Kuzindikira kusanachitike kugundana
Akamatumiza maloboti ogwirizana pamalo ogwirira ntchito, opanga akuyembekeza kuti malobotiwa atha kudziwa bwino chilengedwe monga anthu ndikudzikonzera okha njira zoyendetsera.Kuti akwaniritse izi, opanga amaika mapurosesa ndi ma aligorivimu ozindikira omwe ali ndi mphamvu zamakompyuta pamaloboti ogwirizana, ndikupanga kamera imodzi kapena zingapo, masensa, ndi ma radar ngati njira zodziwira.Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, pali miyezo yamakampani yomwe ingatsatidwe kuti iwonetsedwe kusanachitike kugundana, monga muyezo wa ISO/TS15066 wopanga maloboti ogwirizana, womwe umafuna maloboti ogwirizana kuti asiye kuthamanga anthu akayandikira ndikuchira nthawi yomweyo anthu akachoka.
02 Kuzindikira kugunda
Iyi ndi inde kapena ayi, kuyimira ngati loboti yogwirizana yagundana.Pofuna kupewa kuyambitsa zolakwika, okonza adzakhazikitsa maloboti ogwirizana.Kukhazikitsa kwa poyambira kumeneku ndikosamala kwambiri, kuwonetsetsa kuti sikungayambike pafupipafupi komanso kukhala tcheru kwambiri kupewa kugundana.Chifukwa chakuti kuwongolera kwa maloboti kumadalira kwambiri ma mota, opanga amaphatikiza gawo ili ndi ma aligorivimu osinthira ma mota kuti akwaniritse kuyimitsidwa.
03 Kudzipatula kwa kugundana
Dongosolo likatsimikizira kuti kugunda kwachitika, ndikofunikira kutsimikizira malo omwe agundana kapena kugundana.Cholinga chokhazikitsa kudzipatula panthawiyi ndikuyimitsa malo ogundana.The kugunda kudzipatula kwamaloboti achikhalidwezimatheka kudzera mu guardrails akunja, pamene maloboti ogwirizana ayenera kukhazikitsidwa kudzera mu ma aligorivimu ndi reverse mathamangitsidwe chifukwa cha malo awo otseguka.
04 Kuzindikira kugundana
Panthawiyi, robot yogwirizana yatsimikizira kuti kugunda kwachitika, ndipo zosintha zoyenera zadutsa malire.Pakadali pano, purosesa pa loboti imayenera kudziwa ngati kugundako kudachitika mwangozi potengera chidziwitso cha zomverera.Ngati zotsatira za chiweruzo ndi inde, loboti yogwirizana iyenera kudzikonza yokha;Zikadziwika kuti sizinagundane mwangozi, loboti yogwirizanayo imayima ndikudikirira kuti anthu asinthe.
Zinganenedwe kuti kuzindikira kugundana ndi lingaliro lofunika kwambiri kwa ma robot ogwirizana kuti akwaniritse kudzidziwitsa okha, kupereka mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito ma robot ogwirira ntchito akuluakulu ndikulowa muzochitika zambiri.Pamagawo osiyanasiyana ogundana, maloboti ogwirizana amakhala ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana za masensa.Mwachitsanzo, mu gawo lodziwikiratu kugundana, cholinga chachikulu cha dongosololi ndikuletsa kugundana kuti zisachitike, kotero udindo wa sensor ndikuzindikira chilengedwe.Pali njira zambiri zogwirira ntchito, monga masomphenya otengera chilengedwe, ma millimeter wave radar potengera chilengedwe, komanso malingaliro achilengedwe.Chifukwa chake, ma sensor ofananira ndi ma algorithms ayenera kulumikizidwa.
Kugundana kukachitika, ndikofunikira kuti ma robot ogwirizana adziwe malo omwe agundana ndi digiri posachedwa, kuti achitepo kanthu kuti zinthu zisapitirire kuipiraipira.Sensa yozindikira kugunda imagwira ntchito panthawiyi.Masensa omwe amatha kugunda amaphatikizapo masensa akugunda kwa ma mechanical, maginito kugunda masensa, piezoelectric kugunda masensa, strain mtundu kugunda masensa, piezoresistive mbale kugunda masensa, ndi mercury lophimba mtundu kugunda masensa.
Tonse tikudziwa kuti pakugwira ntchito kwa maloboti ogwirizana, mkono wa robotic umayendetsedwa ndi torque kuchokera mbali zambiri kuti mkono wa robot usunthe ndikugwira ntchito.Monga momwe tawonera m'chithunzichi, chitetezo chokhala ndi masensa akugunda chidzagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yophatikiza torque, torque, ndi axial load ikazindikira kugunda, ndipo loboti yogwirizana idzasiya kugwira ntchito nthawi yomweyo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-27-2023
