Nkhwangwa zisanu ndi imodzi zamaloboti mafakitaletchulani mfundo zisanu ndi imodzi za loboti, zomwe zimathandiza kuti lobotiyo iziyenda mosinthasintha mu danga la mbali zitatu. Malumikizidwe asanu ndi limodzi awa nthawi zambiri amaphatikiza maziko, phewa, chigongono, dzanja, ndi mapeto. Malumikizidwewa amatha kuyendetsedwa ndi ma mota amagetsi kuti akwaniritse njira zosiyanasiyana zoyenda komanso kumaliza ntchito zosiyanasiyana.
Maloboti a mafakitalendi mtundu wa zida zamagetsi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga. Nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi mfundo zisanu ndi imodzi, zomwe zimatchedwa "nkhwangwa" ndipo zimatha kuyenda paokha kuti zitheke kuwongolera bwino chinthucho. Pansipa, tipereka chitsogozo chatsatanetsatane cha nkhwangwa zisanu ndi imodzizi ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito kake, matekinoloje, ndi katukuko.
1, Technology
1. Mzere woyamba:Base Rotation Axis (Base Rotation Axis) Njira yoyamba ndi njira yozungulira yomwe imagwirizanitsa maziko a robot pansi. Ikhoza kukwanitsa kutembenuza kwaulere kwa madigiri 360 pa ndege yopingasa, kulola loboti kusuntha zinthu kapena kuchita zinthu zina mbali zosiyanasiyana. Kapangidwe kameneka kamathandizira kuti lobotiyo isinthe momwe ilili mumlengalenga ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito ake.
2. Mzere wachiwiri:Waist Rotation Axis The axis yachiwiri ili pakati pa chiuno ndi phewa la loboti, ndipo imatha kukwanitsa kuzungulira kolowera kolowera koyamba. Mzerewu umalola loboti kusinthasintha pa ndege yopingasa popanda kusintha kutalika kwake, potero ikukulitsa ntchito yake. Mwachitsanzo, loboti yokhala ndi axis yachiwiri imatha kusuntha zinthu kuchokera mbali imodzi kupita kwina kwinaku ikusunga mkono.
3. Mzere wachitatu:Shoulder Pitch Axis Mzere wachitatu uli pamapewa alobotindipo imatha kuzungulira molunjika. Kupyolera mu nsonga iyi, loboti imatha kukwaniritsa kusintha kwa ngodya pakati pa mkono wam'mwamba ndi mkono wapamwamba kuti igwire bwino ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Kuonjezera apo, nkhwangwa iyi ingathandizenso loboti kumaliza mayendedwe omwe amafunikira mmwamba ndi pansi, monga mabokosi osuntha.
4. Mzere wachinayi:Elbow Flexion / Extension Axis Mzere wachinayi uli pa chigongono cha robot ndipo ukhoza kukwaniritsa mayendedwe otambasula kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo. Izi zimathandiza kuti loboti igwire, kuyika, kapena ntchito zina ngati pakufunika. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, axis iyi ingathandizenso loboti kukwaniritsa ntchito zomwe zimafuna kugwedezeka mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo, monga kuyika magawo pamzere wa msonkhano.
5. Mzere wachisanu:Wrist Rotation Axis Mzere wachisanu uli m'manja mwa loboti ndipo ukhoza kuzungulira pakati pake. Izi zimathandiza maloboti kusintha mbali ya zida zamanja kudzera mukuyenda kwa manja awo, potero amapeza njira zosinthira zogwirira ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, pa kuwotcherera, loboti imatha kugwiritsa ntchito nkhwangwa iyi kuti isinthe mbali ya mfuti yowotcherera kuti ikwaniritse zosowa zosiyanasiyana.
6. Mzere wachisanu ndi chimodzi:Hand Roll Axis Mzere wachisanu ndi chimodzi ulinso pamkono wa loboti, zomwe zimalola kugudubuza kwa zida zamanja. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ma robot sangangogwira zinthu mwa kutsegula ndi kutseka zala zawo, komanso amagwiritsa ntchito kugwedeza kwa manja awo kuti akwaniritse zizindikiro zovuta kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, muzochitika zomwe zomangira ziyenera kumangika,lobotiangagwiritse ntchito olamulira awa kuti amalize ntchito yomangitsa ndi kumasula zomangira.
2, Ntchito
1. Kuwotcherera:Maloboti a mafakitaleamagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'munda wowotcherera ndipo amatha kumaliza ntchito zosiyanasiyana zovuta kuwotcherera. Mwachitsanzo, kuwotcherera matupi agalimoto, kuwotcherera zombo, etc.
2. Kusamalira: Maloboti a mafakitale amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri pakugwira ntchito, ndipo amatha kumaliza ntchito zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, kasamalidwe kagawo pamizere yolumikizira magalimoto, kasamalidwe ka katundu m'malo osungira, etc.
3. Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa: Kugwiritsa ntchito maloboti a mafakitale m'munda wopopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumatha kukwaniritsa ntchito zapamwamba komanso zogwira mtima. Mwachitsanzo, kujambula thupi lagalimoto, kupaka utoto pamwamba pa mipando, etc.
4. Kudula: Kugwiritsa ntchito ma robot a mafakitale m'munda wodula kumatha kukwaniritsa ntchito zodula kwambiri komanso zothamanga kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, kudula zitsulo, kudula pulasitiki, etc.
5. Msonkhano: Kugwiritsa ntchito ma robot a mafakitale m'munda wa msonkhano kungathe kukwaniritsa ntchito zochitira misonkhano yokhazikika komanso yosinthika. Mwachitsanzo, msonkhano wazinthu zamagetsi, msonkhano wagawo la magalimoto, etc.
3, Milandu
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwamaloboti mafakitalemwachitsanzo, pafakitale yopangira magalimoto, fotokozani kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka maloboti amakampani okhala ndi nkhwangwa zisanu ndi imodzi. Pamzere wopangira malo opangira magalimoto, maloboti am'mafakitale amagwiritsidwa ntchito pophatikizana ndikugwira ntchito ndi ziwalo zathupi. Powongolera kayendedwe ka 6 axis kwa loboti, ntchito zotsatirazi zitha kukwaniritsidwa:
Kusuntha ziwalo za thupi kuchokera kumalo osungirako kupita kumalo osonkhana;
Sonkhanitsani molondola mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zigawo malinga ndi zofunikira za ndondomeko;
Chitani kuyendera kwaubwino panthawi ya msonkhano kuti muwonetsetse kuti zinthu zili bwino;
Ikani ndikusunga zigawo za thupi zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa kuti zisinthidwe.
Pogwiritsa ntchito maloboti am'mafakitale polumikizira makina ndi zoyendera, malo opangira magalimoto amatha kupititsa patsogolo ntchito zopanga, kuchepetsa mtengo wantchito, ndikuwongolera zogulitsa ndi chitetezo. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kugwiritsa ntchito maloboti a mafakitale kungachepetsenso zochitika za ngozi zokhudzana ndi ntchito ndi matenda a ntchito pamizere yopanga.
Maloboti akumafakitale, maloboti ambiri olumikizana, ma scara maloboti, maloboti ogwirizana, maloboti ofanana, maloboti am'manja,ntchito maloboti, maloboti ogawa, maloboti otsuka, maloboti azachipatala, maloboti akusesa, maloboti ophunzirira, maloboti apadera, maloboti oyendera, maloboti omanga, maloboti aulimi, maloboti anayi, maloboti apansi pamadzi, zida, zochepetsera, ma servo motors, owongolera, masensa, zokonzera
4, Chitukuko
1. Intelligence: Ndi chitukuko chaukadaulo wanzeru zopanga, ma robot a mafakitale akupita ku luntha. Maloboti anzeru akumafakitale amatha kukwaniritsa ntchito monga kuphunzira pawokha komanso kupanga zisankho, potero amazolowerana ndi malo ovuta komanso osinthika nthawi zonse.
2. Kusinthasintha: Ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso makonda azinthu zopanga, ma robot amakampani akupanga kusinthika. Maloboti osinthika amakampani amatha kusintha mwachangu ntchito zingapo kuti akwaniritse zosowa zosiyanasiyana zopanga.
3. Kuphatikizana: Ndi chikhalidwe chophatikizira machitidwe opanga, ma robot a mafakitale akukula kuti agwirizane. Maloboti ophatikizika amafakitale amatha kuphatikizira mosasunthika ndi zida zina zopangira, potero kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito komanso kukhazikika kwadongosolo lonse lopanga.
4. Kugwirizana: Ndi chitukuko cha teknoloji yogwirizanitsa anthu ndi makina, ma robot a mafakitale akupita ku mgwirizano. Maloboti ogwirizana amakampani amatha kukwaniritsa mgwirizano wotetezeka ndi anthu, potero amachepetsa zoopsa zachitetezo popanga.
Mwachidule, teknoloji yachisanu ndi chimodzi yamaloboti mafakitaleyakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo osiyanasiyana, ikugwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuwongolera magwiridwe antchito, kuchepetsa ndalama zopangira, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zinthu zili bwino. Ndi chitukuko chosalekeza chaukadaulo, maloboti akumafakitale adzakula kukhala anzeru, kusinthasintha, kuphatikiza, ndi mgwirizano, kubweretsa kusintha kwakukulu pakupanga mafakitale.
5, Zovuta ndi Mwayi
Mavuto aukadaulo: Ngakhale ukadaulo wamaloboti mafakitaleapita patsogolo kwambiri, amakumanabe ndi zovuta zambiri zaukadaulo, monga kukonza kulondola kwa maloboti, kukwaniritsa njira zovuta zoyenda, komanso kuwongolera luso la ma robotiki. Mavuto azatekinolojewa akuyenera kuthetsedwa kudzera mu kafukufuku wopitilira komanso ukadaulo.
Vuto lamtengo: Mtengo wa maloboti akumafakitale ndi wokwera kwambiri, womwe ndi wolemetsa wosapiririka kwa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati. Choncho, momwe mungachepetsere mtengo wa maloboti ogulitsa mafakitale ndikuwapanga kukhala otchuka komanso othandiza ndi nkhani yofunika kwambiri pa chitukuko chamakono cha maloboti a mafakitale.
Vuto la talente: Kupanga maloboti am'mafakitale kumafunikira akatswiri ambiri, kuphatikiza akatswiri ofufuza ndi chitukuko, ogwira ntchito, ndi ogwira ntchito yosamalira. Komabe, kusowa kwa talente komwe kulipo pamakampani opanga maloboti akumafakitale kudakali kwakukulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zopinga zina pakupanga maloboti amakampani.
Vuto lachitetezo: Ndi kuchulukirachulukira kwa maloboti akumafakitale m'magawo osiyanasiyana, momwe angawonetsere chitetezo cha maloboti pogwira ntchito yakhala vuto lachangu lomwe likuyenera kuthetsedwa. Izi zimafuna kuganiziridwa mozama komanso kukonza bwino pakupanga, kupanga, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito maloboti.
Mwayi: Ngakhale maloboti akumafakitale amakumana ndi zovuta zambiri, chiyembekezo chawo chachitukuko chikadali chachikulu. Ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa malingaliro monga Viwanda 4.0 ndi kupanga mwanzeru, maloboti am'mafakitale atenga gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakupanga mafakitale amtsogolo. Kuonjezera apo, ndi chitukuko cha matekinoloje monga luntha lochita kupanga ndi deta yaikulu, maloboti ogulitsa mafakitale adzakhala ndi luntha lamphamvu komanso kusinthasintha, kubweretsa mwayi wambiri wopanga mafakitale.
Mwachidule, matekinoloje asanu ndi limodzi a axis a maloboti ogulitsa mafakitale apeza zotsatira zazikulu m'magawo osiyanasiyana ogwiritsira ntchito, kubweretsa kusintha kwakukulu pakupanga mafakitale. Komabe, kupanga maloboti amakampani kumakumanabe ndi zovuta zambiri zomwe ziyenera kuthetsedwa kudzera muukadaulo wopitilira muyeso waukadaulo komanso kulima talente. Nthawi yomweyo, maloboti akumafakitale adzabweretsanso mipata yambiri yachitukuko, zomwe zimabweretsa mwayi wambiri wopanga mafakitale m'tsogolo.
6, maloboti asanu ndi limodzi olamulira mafakitale
Kodi roboti ya axis 6 ndi chiyani? Kodi loboti ya six axis industrial ikugwiritsidwa ntchito chiyani?
Maloboti asanu ndi limodzi a axis amathandizira muzanzeru zamafakitale komanso zatsopano zimatsogolera makampani opanga mtsogolo.
A maloboti asanu ndi limodzi ozungulira mafakitalendi chida chodziwikiratu chomwe chimakhala ndi nkhwangwa zisanu ndi imodzi, iliyonse yomwe ili yolumikizana, yomwe imalola robot kuti isunthe m'njira zosiyanasiyana, monga kuzungulira, kupotoza, ndi zina zotero. L-axis), mkono wakumtunda (U-axis), kuzungulira kwa dzanja (R-axis), kugwedezeka kwa dzanja (B-axis), ndi kuzungulira kwa dzanja (T-axis).
Loboti yamtunduwu imakhala ndi mawonekedwe osinthika kwambiri, katundu wambiri, komanso kulondola kwabwino kwambiri, chifukwa chake imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zinthu zokha, kujambula, kuyendetsa, kuwotcherera, ndi ntchito zina. Mwachitsanzo, zida zisanu ndi chimodzi za ABB za axis axis articulated robot zitha kupereka mayankho abwino ogwiritsira ntchito monga kunyamula zinthu, kutsitsa ndikutsitsa pamakina, kuwotcherera, kuwotcherera arc, kudula, kusonkhanitsa, kuyesa, kuyang'anira, gluing, kugaya, ndi kupukuta.
Komabe, ngakhale zabwino zambiri za maloboti olamulira asanu ndi limodzi, palinso zovuta ndi zovuta zina, monga kuwongolera njira yoyenda ya olamulira aliwonse, kugwirizanitsa kayendetsedwe kake pakati pa olamulira, komanso momwe mungawongolere liwiro la loboti komanso kulondola. Mavutowa akuyenera kuthetsedwa kudzera muukadaulo wopitilira muyeso komanso kukhathamiritsa.
Roboti ya axis sikisi ndi mkono wolumikizana wa robotic wokhala ndi nkhwangwa zisanu ndi imodzi zozungulira, zomwe zimakhala ndi mwayi wokhala ndi ufulu wambiri wofanana ndi dzanja la munthu ndipo ndi yoyenera pafupifupi njira iliyonse kapena mbali ya ntchito. Pophatikizana ndi zotsatira zosiyana siyana, maloboti asanu ndi limodzi a axis amatha kukhala oyenera pazinthu zingapo zogwiritsira ntchito monga kutsitsa, kutsitsa, kujambula, kuwongolera pamwamba, kuyezetsa, kuyeza, kuwotcherera arc, kuwotcherera malo, kuyika, kusonkhana, zida zamakina odulira chip, fixation, ntchito yapadera msonkhano, forging, kuponyera, etc.
M'zaka zaposachedwapa, kugwiritsa ntchito maloboti asanu ndi limodzi axis m'munda wa mafakitale kwawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono, makamaka m'mafakitale monga mphamvu zatsopano ndi zigawo zamagalimoto. Malingana ndi deta ya IFR, malonda a padziko lonse a maloboti a mafakitale anafika ku 21.7 biliyoni US dollars mu 2022, ndipo akuyembekezeka kufika 23 biliyoni mu 2024. Pakati pawo, chiwerengero cha malonda a robot ku China padziko lonse lapansi chadutsa 50%.
Maloboti asanu ndi limodzi a axis amatha kugawidwanso kukhala nkhwangwa zisanu ndi imodzi zazikulu (> 20KG) ndi nkhwangwa zisanu ndi imodzi zazing'ono (≤ 20KG) molingana ndi kukula kwake. Kuchokera pakukula kwakukula kwa malonda m'zaka 5 zapitazi, maloboti akuluakulu asanu ndi limodzi (48.5%)>maloboti ogwirizana (39.8%)>makona asanu ndi limodzi (19.3%)>Maloboti a SCRA (15.4%)>Maloboti a Delta (8%) .
Magulu akuluakulu a maloboti ogulitsa mafakitale akuphatikizapomaloboti asanu ndi limodzi, maloboti a SCORA, maloboti a Delta, ndi maloboti ogwirizana. Makampani a robot a axis asanu ndi limodzi amadziŵika ndi kusakwanira kwa kupanga kwapamwamba kwambiri komanso kupitirira malire pamapeto otsika. Maloboti odziyimira pawokha odziyimira pawokha mdziko lathu amakhala ndi ma axis atatu ndi ma axis anayi ogwirizanitsa maloboti ndi ma planar angapo olumikizana, okhala ndi maloboti asanu ndi limodzi ophatikizika omwe amawerengera ndalama zosakwana 6% yazogulitsa mdziko lonse lamaloboti amakampani.
Loboti yapadziko lonse lapansi yamakampani a Longhairnake ali ndi udindo wake monga mtsogoleri wa maloboti amakampani apadziko lonse lapansi ndi luso lake laukadaulo la CNC system. Mu gawo lalikulu la olamulira asanu ndi limodzi okhala ndi kutsika kocheperako komanso zotchinga zazikulu, opanga otsogola apakhomo monga Aston, Huichuan Technology, Everett, ndi Xinshida ali patsogolo, ali ndi sikelo ndi mphamvu zaukadaulo.
Ponseponse, kugwiritsa ntchitomaloboti asanu ndi limodzim'munda wa mafakitale ukuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono ndipo ali ndi chiyembekezo chachikulu cha msika.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-24-2023
