M'zaka khumi zapitazi, chitukuko chaukadaulo chasintha dziko lapansi ndipo magalimoto odzipangira okha ndi chimodzimodzi. Magalimoto odziyimira pawokha, omwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwamagalimoto owongolera okha (AGVs), akopa chidwi cha anthu chifukwa cha kuthekera kwawo kosintha zamayendedwe. Magalimotowa amagwiritsa ntchito makina ophatikizika a masensa, makamera, ma lidar, ndi ma lidar-ngati machitidwe kuti azindikire ndikuyankha chilengedwe chawo. M'nkhaniyi, tiwona njira zosiyanasiyana zomwe ma AGV angadziwire malo ozungulira.
Kodi Automatic Guide Vehicles Ndi Chiyani?
An galimoto yowongolera yokhandi mtundu wa loboti yamakampani yomwe imakonzedwa kuti isamutse zinthu kuchokera pamalo amodzi kupita kwina popanda kuthandizidwa ndi anthu. Ma AGV amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo osungiramo zinthu, malo opangira zinthu, ndi malo ena opangira mafakitale kutengera zinthu zopangira, zinthu zomalizidwa, ndi chilichonse chapakati. Amagwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito masensa ndi ma algorithms apulogalamu omwe amawalola kuzindikira ndikuyenda mozungulira zopinga. Ma AGV amabwera m'mawonekedwe ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana, kuchokera pamagalimoto ang'onoang'ono mpaka magalimoto akuluakulu otha kusuntha katundu wathunthu wamtengo wapatali.
Mitundu ya Zomverera Zogwiritsidwa Ntchito Pamagalimoto Owongolera Odzichitira
Ma AGV ali ndi masensa angapo kuti awathandize kuyang'ana mozungulira. Masensawa amatha kuzindikira chilichonse kuyambira makoma ndi zopinga mpaka pomwe magalimoto ena ali pamsewu. Tiyeni tiwone mwatsatanetsatane mitundu ina yodziwika bwino ya masensa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu AGVs:
1. LiDAR Sensors
LiDAR imayimira Light Detection and Ranging. Imatulutsa matabwa a laser omwe amadumpha kuchokera kuzinthu ndikubwerera ku sensa, kulola sensa kuti ipange mapu a 3D a malo ozungulira. Masensa a LiDAR amatha kuzindikira magalimoto ena, oyenda pansi, ndi zinthu monga mitengo kapena nyumba. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka pamagalimoto odziyimira pawokha ndipo amatha kukhala chinsinsi chopangira magalimoto odziyimira pawokha tsiku lina.
2. Masensa a GPS
Masensa a GPS amagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa malo a AGV. Amapereka malo enieni pogwiritsa ntchito ma satellite ozungulira Dziko lapansi. Ngakhale ukadaulo wa GPS si wachilendo, ndi chida chofunikira kwambiri pakuyenda mu ma AGV.
3. Makamera
Makamera amajambula zithunzi za malo ozungulira kenako amagwiritsa ntchito ma aligorivimu a mapulogalamu kuti awamasulire. Makamera nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira zizindikiro za mseu ndi zikwangwani zamagalimoto, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti galimotoyo iziyenda molimba mtima.
4. Magawo a Inertial Measurement
Mayunitsi a Inertial Measurement (IMUs) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti adziwe momwe AGV akuyendera mumlengalenga. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi masensa ena, monga LiDAR, kuti apereke chithunzi chonse cha chilengedwe cha AGV.
Momwe ma AGV Amayendera Malo Owazungulira?
Magalimoto owongolera okha amagwiritsa ntchito masensa ophatikizika ndi ma aligorivimu apulogalamu kuti ayendetse malo awo. Chinthu choyamba ndi chakuti AGV ipange mapu a malo omwe ikugwira ntchito. Mapuwa adzagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo owonetsera kuti AGV azitha kudutsa chilengedwe. Mapu akapangidwa, AGV imagwiritsa ntchito masensa ake kuti azindikire malo ake pokhudzana ndi mapu. Kenako imawerengera njira yabwino kwambiri yotengera mapu ndi zinthu zina monga kuchuluka kwa magalimoto ndi zopinga.
Ma algorithms a mapulogalamu a AGV amaganizira zinthu zambiri posankha njira yabwino. Mwachitsanzo, ma aligorivimu adzaganizira za mtunda waufupi kwambiri pakati pa mfundo ziwiri, nthawi yomwe idzatenge kuti muchoke pa mfundo imodzi kupita pa ina, ndi zopinga zomwe zingakhalepo panjira. Pogwiritsa ntchito deta iyi, AGV ikhoza kudziwa njira yabwino yoti mutenge.
Ma AGV amakhalanso ndi kuthekera kosintha kusintha kwa malo. Mwachitsanzo, ngati chopinga chatsopano chikuwoneka chomwe sichinalipo pomwe AGV idapanga mapu a malo ake, idzagwiritsa ntchito masensa ake kuti azindikire chopingacho ndikuwerengeranso njira. Kusintha kwanthawi yeniyeni kumeneku ndikofunikira kuti ma AGV azigwira ntchito motetezeka m'malo osinthika monga malo osungiramo zinthu ndi mafakitale opanga.
Magalimoto oyendetsa okha akusintha kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake. Pogwiritsa ntchito masensa ophatikizika ndi ma aligorivimu a mapulogalamu, ma AGV amatha kuzindikira ndikuyankhira malo awo munthawi yeniyeni. Ngakhale kuti pali zovuta zomwe ziyenera kuthana ndi ma AGV asanakhale ofala, zatsopano zaukadaulo zatibweretsa pafupi ndi tsogolo lodziyimira pawokha lamayendedwe. Ndi kupita patsogolo kopitilira muyeso ndi kuyezetsa, posachedwa tiwona momwe ma AGV asinthira malonda amayendedwe mzaka zikubwerazi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-16-2024
