Pa June 30, pulofesa Wang Tianmiao wochokera ku yunivesite ya Beijing ya Aeronautics and Astronautics anaitanidwa kuti atenge nawo gawo la gawo lazamalonda la robotics ndipo anapereka lipoti lodabwitsa la luso lamakono ndi chitukuko cha maloboti ogwira ntchito.
Monga njira yayitali kwambiri yozungulira, monga intaneti yam'manja ndi mafoni (2005-2020), magalimoto amagetsi atsopano ndi magalimoto anzeru (2015-2030), chuma cha digito ndi maloboti anzeru (2020-2050), ndi zina zambiri, zakhala zikuyenda bwino. okhudzidwa ndi maboma, mafakitale, maphunziro, madera azachuma, ndi mayiko ena, makamaka ku China.Pamene magawo amsika ndi magawo a anthu akucheperachepera pang'onopang'ono, Gawo laukadaulo lakhala gawo lofunikira pakuyambiranso kwachuma cha China komanso chitukuko chokhazikika komanso chofulumira cha mphamvu zake zonse zadziko.Zina mwa izo, luntha lochita kupanga, maloboti anzeru, kupanga zida zatsopano, kusalowerera ndale kwamphamvu kwatsopano, sayansi yazachilengedwe, ndiukadaulo wina zakhala zida zofunika kwambiri pakusintha kwamakampani atsopano komanso chitukuko chatsopano chachuma.
Chitukuko cha chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi luso lamakono la interdisciplinary likulimbikitsa nthawi zonse kusinthika ndi chitukuko cha maloboti anzeru kuchokera kuukadaulo mpaka kupanga.
Kukula kwakukula kwa mafakitale ndi kufunikira kwa matawuni:mbali imodzi, kuyendetsa bwino komanso kuyendetsa bwino ntchito, kuchepa kwa anthu ogwira ntchito komanso kuwonjezereka kwa mtengo, kulimbikitsa chitukuko kuchokera kumakampani achiwiri kupita kumakampani apamwamba komanso kugwiritsa ntchito makampani oyambirira.Nthawi yomweyo, Belt ndi Road yakhala njira yofunika yopezera phindu kwa maloboti ndi mabizinesi opangira makina ku China.Komano, kusonkhanitsidwa kwa anthu ndi katundu m'mizinda ikuluikulu, kuphatikizapo chakudya ndi ulimi mankhwala, zamasamba prefabricated ndi zakudya zatsopano, zinyalala ndi zimbudzi mankhwala ndi kuteteza chilengedwe, galimoto yoyenda yokha ndi kayendedwe wanzeru, kasamalidwe wanzeru mphamvu ndi kusunga mphamvu ndi kuwombola, Kuwunika kwa AIot ndi chitetezo, tsoka-maloboti opereka chithandizo, komanso maloboti okambilana, kukonza zinthu, kuyeretsa, mahotela, ziwonetsero, khofi, ndi zina zotero, zonse zakhala maloboti ofunikira mwachangu komanso opangira zinthu.
Kuchulukitsa kwa anthu okalamba komanso kufunikira kwa zosangalatsa za m'badwo watsopano, masewera azikhalidwe ndi luso:Kumbali ina, kufunika kwamalobotimonga kucheza, kutsagana, wothandizira, chisamaliro cha okalamba, kukonzanso, ndi mankhwala achi China akuchulukirachulukira, kuphatikiza ma loboti a digito osatha azachipatala ndi AI pafupifupi maloboti, kulimbitsa thupi ndi kukonzanso komanso maloboti achi China otikita minofu, maloboti ofikira mafoni, kutikita minofu ndi ndowe. maloboti otaya, omwe 15% ali ndi zaka zopitilira 65 ndipo 25% ali ndi zaka zopitilira 75 45% ya anthu azaka 85 ndi kupitilira apo amafunikira ntchitoyi.Kumbali ina, maloboti a achinyamata omwe ali m'malo monga ukadaulo, mafakitale azikhalidwe ndi kulenga, zosangalatsa, ndi masewera, kuphatikiza mabungwe olumikizana ndi anthu, makina anzeru osakanizidwa ndi makina, maloboti ogwirizana nawo, maloboti ophika, maloboti otsuka, VR. maloboti olimbitsa thupi, ma stem cell ndi ma jakisoni okongola, maloboti osangalatsa ndi ovina, ndi zina zambiri.
Maloboti osasinthika muzochitika zapadera:mbali imodzi, pali kufunikira kwaukadaulo wapamwamba monga kufufuza kwapakati pa nyenyezi, ma opaleshoni olondola, ndi minyewa yachilengedwe, kuphatikiza kufufuza malo ndi kusamuka, kulumikizana kwaubongo ndi kuzindikira, maloboti opangira opaleshoni ndi nanorobots yamtima, ziwalo zamoyo za electromyographic, zathanzi komanso zosangalatsa. ukadaulo wa biochemical, ndi moyo wamuyaya ndi moyo.Kumbali inayi, ntchito zowopsa komanso zolimbikitsa zankhondo zakumaloko zimafuna kukondoweza, kuphatikiza kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha ntchito zowopsa, kupulumutsa ndi kupulumutsa masoka, magalimoto osayendetsedwa ndi ndege, akasinja osayendetsedwa, zombo zopanda anthu, zida zanzeru, asitikali a roboti, ndi zina zambiri.
Mphamvu 1:Mitu yotentha yaku Frontier pakufufuza koyambira, makamaka zida zatsopano ndi maloboti ofewa okhazikika, NLP ndi ma multimodality, kulumikizana kwamakompyuta muubongo ndi kuzindikira, mapulogalamu oyambira ndi nsanja, ndi zina zambiri, ndizofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa kutsogola koyambirira kukuyembekezeka kusintha mawonekedwe, ntchito zamalonda, ndi mitundu yantchito zama roboti.
1. Ukadaulo wa robot ya humanoid, zamoyo zokhala ngati zamoyo, minofu yochita kupanga, khungu lopanga, kuwongolera ma electromyographic, ziwalo za minofu, maloboti ofewa, ndi zina zotero;
2. DNA nanorobots ndi zipangizo zatsopano za micro / nano, nanomaterials, MEMS, kusindikiza kwa 3D, ma prostheses anzeru, msonkhano wa micro / nano kupanga, kuyendetsa kutembenuka kwa mphamvu, kukakamiza kuyanjana kwa mayankho, ndi zina zotero;
3. Ukadaulo wamalingaliro achilengedwe, masensa okhudza ma audiovisual force, komputa yam'mphepete ya AI, kulumikizana kokhazikika, kuphatikiza koyendetsedwa ndi malingaliro, ndi zina zambiri;
4. Kumvetsetsa chilankhulo chachilengedwe, kuzindikira kwamalingaliro ndi ukadaulo wolumikizirana ndi anthu ndi makompyuta, ukadaulo wolumikizana wanzeru, kulumikizana kwamalingaliro, macheza akutali, ndi chisamaliro cha ana ndi okalamba;
5. Mawonekedwe a makompyuta a ubongo ndi teknoloji yophatikizira ya mechatronics, sayansi ya ubongo, chidziwitso cha neural, zizindikiro za electromyographic, graph ya chidziwitso, kuzindikira kwachidziwitso, kulingalira kwa makina, ndi zina zotero;
6. Ukadaulo wophatikizika wa anthu ndi roboti, intaneti ya m'badwo wotsatira, kuyanjana kwa zosangalatsa, othandizira, kuzindikira kwanthawi yayitali, ntchito yakutali, ndi zina zambiri;
7. Ukadaulo wa roboti wophatikizika umaphatikiza manja, mapazi, maso, ndi ubongo, zomwe zimakhala ndi nsanja yam'manja,mkono wa robot, gawo lowonetsera, mapeto otsiriza, ndi zina zotero. Zimagwirizanitsa malingaliro a chilengedwe, kuika ndi kuyenda, kulamulira mwanzeru, kuzindikira kosadziwika kwa chilengedwe, kugwirizanitsa makina ambiri, mayendedwe anzeru, ndi zina zotero;
8. Super software automation, makina opangira maloboti, maloboti ofewa, RPA, kasamalidwe ka katundu, ndalama, makina a boma, ndi zina zambiri;
9. Ukadaulo wa robot yautumiki wamtambo, ntchito zogawa zamtambo, malo opangira mitambo, luntha lochita kupanga ndi kuphunzira makina, luntha lochita kumasulira, ntchito zobwereketsa zakutali, ntchito zophunzitsira zakutali, loboti ngati ntchito RaaS, ndi zina zambiri;
10. Ethics, Robotic for Good, Employment, Privacy, Ethics and Law, etc.
Mphamvu 2:Maloboti +, okhala ndi masensa ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu, ntchito zamalonda zokhazikika pafupipafupi (monga zinthu zamkati ndi zakunja, kuyeretsa, othandizira chisamaliro chamalingaliro, ndi zina zambiri), ndi pulogalamu ya Raas ndi App kukhala yofunika kwambiri, chifukwa izi zikuyembekezeka kuphwanya imodzi. malire azinthu opitilira mamiliyoni khumi kapena kupanga mtundu wamabizinesi olembetsa
Zigawo zazikulu zowonjezeredwa zamtengo wapatali zimaphatikizapo masomphenya a AI, mphamvu ndi kukhudza, RV, galimoto, AMR, mapangidwe ndi mapulogalamu ogwiritsira ntchito, ndi zina zotero;Zida zamapulogalamu apamwamba kwambiri monga AIops, RPA, Raas, ndi mitundu ina yoyimirira, kuphatikiza nsanja zamtambo monga Raas zobwereketsa, zophunzitsira, kukonza, ndi chitukuko cha ntchito;Maloboti azachipatala;Maloboti ophatikizika am'manja onyamula ndi kutsitsa, kusamalira zinthu, kapena kuyeretsa;Zosangalatsa, zoperekera zakudya, kutikita minofu, moxibustion, kutsagana ndi maloboti othandizira;Kwa machitidwe osagwiritsidwa ntchito paulimi, zomangamanga, zobwezeretsanso, kugwetsa, mphamvu, mafakitale a nyukiliya, etc.
Pankhani yama robotiki ndi ntchito zamalonda, makampani ena ku China akutulukanso m'magawo athunthu a robotic ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu.Akuyembekezeka kukhala ndi chiyembekezo chogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zatsopano, zida zamagetsi, zaulimi ndi zogula, sayansi yazachilengedwe, ntchito zaboma, ntchito zapakhomo, ndi magawo ena, kuwonetsa chitukuko chambiri m'magawo agawo.
Pulogalamu ya "14th Year Plan for Development of Robot Industry" imanena kuti kuwonjezeka kwapachaka kwa ndalama zogwirira ntchito m'makampani a robot pa nthawi ya 14th Five Year Plan kupitirira 20%, ndipo kachulukidwe ka makina opanga maloboti awonjezeka kawiri.Zochitika zogwiritsira ntchito zimaphimba miyeso ingapo monga G end, B end, ndi C end.Miyezo ya chilengedwe, malo okwera kwambiri, komanso ndalama zogwirira ntchito zimapangitsanso "kusintha makina" kukhala chowawa muzochitika zina.
Mphamvu 3:Big model + roboti, yomwe ikuyembekezeka kuphatikizira mtundu waukulu kwambiri ndi mtundu woyimirira wamaloboti apadera pakugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe anzeru, chidziwitso, ndi kukhazikika, kuwongolera kwambiri nzeru zama robot ndikukulitsa kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kofala.
Monga zimadziwika bwino, ma multimodal, NLP, CV, ma interactive ndi mitundu ina ya AI akupanga njira zowonera maloboti, zovuta zakuzindikira zachilengedwe, kupanga zisankho ndi kuwongolera kozikidwa pa chidziwitso, ndipo akuyembekezeka kukweza kwambiri mulingo wa luntha la loboti komanso kufalikira. madera ogwiritsira ntchito, makamaka pakuphatikizika kwa zochitika zolumikizana, zozikidwa pa chidziwitso, komanso zofananira zogwiritsa ntchito nzeru zophatikizidwa, kuphatikiza sayansi ndi maphunziro, othandizira, osamalira, okalamba, komanso mayendedwe owongolera, kuyeretsa, kukonza zinthu, ndi zina zotero. kupanga zopambana poyamba.
Mphamvu 4:Maloboti a Humanoid (biomimetic) akuyembekezeka kupanga mawonekedwe ogwirizana azinthu zopanga ma loboti amodzi, zomwe zikuyembekezeka kutsogolera kutukuka kofulumira kwa tchipisi ta AI, masensa osiyanasiyana, ndikumanganso kwapang'onopang'ono ndikukulitsa magawo a roboti.
Kufika kwa nthawi ya "roboti +" kumaphatikiza mabiliyoni a maloboti a biomimetic.Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ukalamba wa anthu komanso kukula bwino kwa kupanga mwanzeru, nthawi yomweyo, maloboti, luntha lochita kupanga, ndi ntchito zamtambo deta yayikulu ikulowa pachitukuko chosokoneza.Maloboti a Bionic akuyendetsa chitukuko chachikulu cha maloboti anzeru ndi njira ina yosinthira, yanzeru komanso yamtambo.Pakati pawo, maloboti a humanoid ndi quadruped adzakhala njira ziwiri zodalirika kwambiri pakati pa maloboti a biomimetic.Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwachiyembekezo, ngati 3-5% ya kusiyana kwa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi kungasinthidwe ndi maloboti a biomimetic humanoid pakati pa 2030 ndi 2035, zikuyembekezeredwa kuti kufunikira kwa maloboti a humanoid kudzakhala pafupifupi mayunitsi 1-3 miliyoni, ofanana ndi Kukula kwa msika wapadziko lonse lapansi kupitilira 260 biliyoni ndi msika waku China wopitilira 65 biliyoni.
Maloboti a Biomimetic amaikabe patsogolo zovuta zazikulu zaukadaulo za kukhazikika kosunthika komanso kugwira ntchito mwaluso.Mosiyana ndi maloboti achikhalidwe, kuti azitha kusuntha ndikugwira ntchito m'malo osakhazikika, maloboti a biomimetic ndi humanoid amafunikira mwachangu kukhazikika kwadongosolo komanso zida zapamwamba kwambiri.Zovuta zazikulu zaukadaulo zimaphatikizapo mayunitsi apamwamba a torque kachulukidwe, kuwongolera koyenda mwanzeru, kutha kuzindikira zachilengedwe munthawi yeniyeni, kulumikizana ndi makina a anthu, ndi matekinoloje ena.Ophunzirawo akuwunika mwachangu zida zatsopano zanzeru, zosinthika zolimba zolumikizira minofu yochita kupanga Kuzindikira khungu, maloboti ofewa, ndi zina zambiri.
Roboti ya ChatGPT+Biomimetic "imathandizira maloboti kuti asinthe kuchoka ku" kufanana mu mawonekedwe "mpaka" kufanana ndi mzimu ". Open AI idayikidwa mu kampani yamaloboti ya 1X Technologies humanoid kuti ilowe m'makampani opanga ma robotiki, ndikuwunika momwe ChatGPT ikugwiritsidwira ntchito komanso kukhazikika kwa maloboti. , kuyang'ana mitundu yambiri ya zilankhulo zazikulu, ndikulimbikitsa njira yodziwiratu yodziwiratu yodziwiratu ya maloboti a humanoid kuphatikizapo chidziwitso cha malemba okhudzana ndi makina a anthu ndi chidziwitso cha ndondomeko yogwiritsira ntchito chilengedwe, Kuthetsa vuto lalikulu la kusakhazikika kwa kuphatikizika kwa mapeto oyambirira. ma aligorivimu a pulogalamu yamakampani a robot komanso malingaliro akutsogolo kwa AI m'mphepete mwa makompyuta.
Ngakhale kuti maloboti a humanoid ali ndi zofooka zakupha pakuchita bwino komanso mphamvu, kugwiritsa ntchito komanso kusavuta, komanso kukonza ndi mtengo, ndikofunikira kulabadira kupita patsogolo kosayembekezereka kwa Tesla kuthamangitsidwa mwachangu kwa ma robot a humanoid.Chifukwa chake ndi chakuti Tesla wafotokozeranso ndikupanga maloboti a humanoid kuchokera pazomwe amagwiritsa ntchito popanga magalimoto akuluakulu ku Germany, China, Mexico, ndi madera ena, makamaka potengera kapangidwe ka makina a Electronic drive, mapangidwe atsopano a zigawo 40 zolumikizana, ndipo ngakhale ena aiwo ndi osokonekera, kuphatikiza ma torque osiyanasiyana, liwiro lotulutsa, kulondola kwa malo, kuuma kozungulira, kuzindikira kwamphamvu, kudzitsekera, kukula kwa voliyumu, ndi zina zambiri. Kutha kuzindikira, kutha kulumikizana, kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kuwongolera" mawonekedwe apakompyuta apakompyuta ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu waukulu waukadaulo, ndikubereka tchipisi tawo ta robot AI. ndalama zochokera ku Tesla Robotic, zomwe tsopano zaposa $ 1 miliyoni, ndikuyandikira mtengo wogulitsa $20000.
Pomaliza, poyang'ana chitukuko cha mbiri yakale ndi mawonekedwe a chikhalidwe cha anthu, kusanthula zochitika zamtsogolo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso zosokoneza zamakono zamakono muzinthu zatsopano, mphamvu zatsopano, biology, AI, ndi zina.Poyang'ana pakupanga msika watsopano wofuna kukalamba padziko lapansi, kukula kwa mizinda, kusintha kwa anthu, ndi maukonde, luntha, ndi kukula, pakadali kusatsimikizika kuti maloboti apadziko lonse lapansi adzadutsa mabiliyoni ambiri amsika akutukuka zaka 10 zikubwerazi. mikangano ikuluikulu itatu yomwe imawonekera: imodzi ndi njira ya chisinthiko cha morphological?mafakitale, malonda, humanoid, chitsanzo chachikulu, kapena ntchito zosiyanasiyana;Kachiwiri, kuyendetsa mokhazikika kwa mtengo wamalonda?Ntchito, maphunziro, kuphatikiza, makina athunthu, zida, nsanja, ndi zina zambiri, kuvomereza IP, kugulitsa, kubwereketsa, mautumiki, kulembetsa, ndi zina zambiri, ndi ndondomeko zogwirira ntchito zokhudzana ndi mayunivesite, mabizinesi apadera, mabizinesi aboma, zatsopano, zoperekera , likulu, boma, ndi zina;Chachitatu, machitidwe a robot?Kodi ma robot amasintha bwanji kukhala abwino?Zimaphatikizaponso ntchito, chinsinsi, makhalidwe, makhalidwe, ndi nkhani zazamalamulo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-28-2023
