A cikin fasahar kere-kere ta zamani, musamman a fannin na’urar mutum-mutumi, manyan fasahohin zamani guda biyar sun hada daservo Motors, masu ragewa, motsin motsi, masu sarrafawa, da masu kunnawa. Waɗannan mahimman fasahohin tare suna gina tsarin tsauri da tsarin sarrafa mutum-mutumi, suna tabbatar da cewa mutum-mutumin na iya cimma daidaito, da sauri, da sassauƙar sarrafa motsi da aiwatar da ayyuka. Mai zuwa zai samar da zurfafa bincike na waɗannan mahimman fasahohi guda biyar:
1. Motar Servo
Motocin Servo sune "zuciya" na tsarin wutar lantarki na mutum-mutumi, wanda ke da alhakin canza makamashin lantarki zuwa makamashin injina da kuma motsa motsin haɗin gwiwa daban-daban na robot. Babban fa'idar motocin servo ya ta'allaka ne a cikin madaidaicin matsayinsu, saurin gudu, da ikon sarrafa karfin wuta.
Ƙa'idar aiki: Motoci na Servo yawanci suna amfani da injunan maganadisu na aiki tare na dindindin (PMSM) ko madaidaicin servo Motors (AC Servo) don daidaita matsayi da saurin na'ura mai juyi ta hanyar canza yanayin shigarwar halin yanzu. Rubutun da aka gina a ciki yana ba da siginonin amsawa na ainihi, samar da tsarin kula da madauki don cimma babban amsa mai ƙarfi da daidaitaccen iko.
Halaye: Motocin Servo suna da halaye na kewayon saurin gudu, babban inganci, ƙarancin rashin ƙarfi, da sauransu. .
Ikon hankali: Motocin servo na zamani kuma suna haɗa algorithms na ci gaba kamar sarrafa PID, sarrafa daidaitawa, da sauransu, waɗanda zasu iya daidaita sigogi ta atomatik bisa ga canje-canjen kaya don kiyaye aikin barga.
2. Mai Ragewa
Aiki: Ana haɗa mai ragewa tsakanin injin servo da haɗin gwiwar robot, kuma babban aikinsa shine rage saurin jujjuyawar injin ɗin, ƙara ƙarfin juyi, da biyan buƙatun babban juzu'i da ƙarancin saurin haɗin gwiwar robot. .
Nau'i: Masu rage yawan amfani da su sun haɗa da masu rage jituwa da masu rage RV. Tsakanin su,RV masu ragewamusamman dace da Multi axis hadin gwiwa Tsarin a masana'antu mutummutumi saboda high rigidity, high daidaici, da kuma babban watsa rabo.
Mahimman fasaha: daidaiton masana'anta na mai ragewa kai tsaye yana shafar daidaiton matsayi mai maimaitawa da kwanciyar hankali na aikin mutum-mutumi. Ƙwararren raga na kayan aiki na ciki na manyan masu ragewa yana da ƙanƙanta sosai, kuma suna buƙatar samun juriya mai kyau da tsawon rayuwar sabis.
4. Mai sarrafawa
Babban aiki: Mai sarrafawa shine kwakwalwar mutum-mutumi, wanda ke karɓar umarni kuma yana sarrafa matsayin motsi na kowane haɗin gwiwa dangane da shirye-shiryen da aka saita ko sakamakon lissafin lokaci na ainihi.
Gine-gine na fasaha: Dangane da tsarin da aka haɗa, mai sarrafawa yana haɗa nau'ikan kayan aiki, na'urori masu sarrafa siginar dijital, masu sarrafa microcontroller, da musaya daban-daban don cimma hadaddun ayyuka kamar tsara motsi, tsara yanayin yanayi, da haɗin bayanan firikwensin.
Algorithms na ci gaba:Masu sarrafa mutum-mutumi na zamaniYawanci suna ɗaukar ka'idodin sarrafawa na ci gaba kamar Model Predictive Control (MPC), Sliding Mode Variable Structure Control (SMC), Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC), da Sarrafa Daidaitawa don magance ƙalubalen sarrafawa a cikin rikitattun buƙatun ɗawainiya da wuraren da ba su da tabbas.
5. Mai zartarwa
Ma'ana da Aiki: Mai kunnawa na'ura ce da ke juyar da siginar lantarki da mai sarrafawa ke fitarwa zuwa ainihin ayyukan jiki. Yawanci yana nufin cikakken rukunin tuƙi wanda ya ƙunshi injunan servo, masu ragewa, da abubuwan da ke da alaƙa.
Sarrafa ƙarfi da sarrafa matsayi: Mai kunnawa ba kawai yana buƙatar cimma daidaitaccen iko na matsayi ba, amma kuma yana buƙatar aiwatar da jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar bayanai don wasu madaidaicin taro ko na'urar gyaran gyare-gyare na likita, wato, yanayin sarrafa ƙarfi, don tabbatar da hankali da aminci yayin ƙarfi. tsarin aiki.
Sakewa da Haɗin kai: A cikin robobi na haɗin gwiwa da yawa, masu aiki daban-daban suna buƙatar daidaita aikinsu, kuma ana amfani da dabarun sarrafa ci gaba don ɗaukar tasirin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin haɗin gwiwa, cimma motsi mai sassauƙa da inganta hanyar robot a sararin samaniya.
6. Fasahar Sensor
Ko da yake ba a bayyana a sarari a cikin mahimman fasahohin guda biyar ba, fasahar firikwensin wani muhimmin bangare ne na mutummutumi don cimma fahimta da yanke shawara mai hankali. Don ingantattun na'urori na zamani masu fasaha, haɗa na'urori masu auna firikwensin yawa (kamar firikwensin matsayi, firikwensin ƙarfi, firikwensin hangen nesa, da sauransu) don samun bayanan muhalli da yanayin kai yana da mahimmanci.
Matsayi da na'urori masu saurin sauri: An shigar da encoder a kan motar servo don samar da matsayi na ainihi da amsawar sauri, samar da tsarin kula da madauki; Bugu da kari, na'urori masu auna kusurwar haɗin gwiwa na iya auna daidai kusurwar jujjuyawar kowane haɗin gwiwa.
Ƙarfin ƙarfi da na'urori masu auna firikwensin ƙarfi: an haɗa su a cikin ma'auni na ƙarshe na masu kunnawa ko mutummutumi, ana amfani da su don fahimtar ƙarfin lamba da juzu'i, ba da damar mutummutumi don samun sauƙin aiki da halayen mu'amala mai aminci.
Na'urori masu auna gani da muhalli: gami da kyamarori, LiDAR, kyamarori masu zurfi, da sauransu, da aka yi amfani da su don sake gina yanayin 3D, ganewar manufa da bin diddigi, kewayawa na hana cikas da sauran ayyuka, ba da damar mutummutumi don daidaitawa da yanayi mai ƙarfi da yanke shawara masu dacewa.
7. Sadarwa da Fasahar Sadarwa
Ingantacciyar fasahar sadarwa da gine-ginen cibiyar sadarwa suna da mahimmanci daidai a cikin tsarin mutum-mutumi da yawa da yanayin sarrafa nesa
Sadarwar ciki: Babban musayar bayanai tsakanin masu sarrafawa da tsakanin masu sarrafawa da na'urori masu auna firikwensin suna buƙatar ingantaccen fasahar bas, kamar CANopen, EtherCAT, da sauran ka'idojin Ethernet na masana'antu na ainihi.
Sadarwar waje: Ta hanyar fasahar sadarwa mara waya irin su Wi Fi, 5G, Bluetooth, da dai sauransu, mutummutumi na iya mu'amala da wasu na'urori da sabar gajimare don cimma nasarar sa ido na nesa, sabunta shirye-shiryen, babban binciken bayanai, da sauran ayyuka.
8. Makamashi da Gudanar da Wuta
Tsarin wutar lantarki: Zaɓi tsarin samar da wutar lantarki wanda ya dace da halayen aikin mutum-mutumi, da ƙirƙira tsarin sarrafa wutar lantarki mai ma'ana don tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na dogon lokaci da kuma biyan buƙatun ƙarfin ƙarfi kwatsam.
Farfadowar makamashi da fasahar ceton makamashi: Wasu na'urori na zamani na robot sun fara amfani da fasahar dawo da makamashi, wanda ke juyar da makamashin injin zuwa ajiyar makamashin lantarki yayin raguwa don inganta ingantaccen makamashi gabaɗaya.
9. Software da Algorithm Level
Tsare-tsare na motsi da sarrafa algorithms: Daga tsararru da haɓaka tafarki zuwa gano karo da dabarun gujewa cikas, ci-gaba algorithms na goyan bayan ingantaccen motsi na mutummutumi.
Hankali na wucin gadi da koyo mai cin gashin kansa: Ta hanyar amfani da fasahohi kamar koyan na'ura da zurfafa ilmantarwa, mutummutumi na iya ci gaba da horarwa da kuma maimaitawa don haɓaka iyawar aikinsu na kammala aikin, yana ba da damar dabarun yanke shawara da ɗabi'a mai cin gashin kai.
10.Fasahar hulɗar kwamfuta ta ɗan adam
A cikin yanayin aikace-aikacen da yawa, musamman a fagage na mutum-mutumin sabis da mutum-mutumi na haɗin gwiwa, fasahar hulɗar ɗan adam da kwamfuta tana da mahimmanci:
Ƙimar magana da haɗakarwa: Ta hanyar haɗa fasahar sarrafa harshe na halitta (NLP), mutummutumi na iya fahimtar umarnin muryar ɗan adam da ba da ra'ayi a bayyane kuma na zahiri.
Mu'amala mai ban sha'awa: Zane mutum-mutumi tare da hanyoyin ba da amsa mai ban sha'awa waɗanda za su iya kwaikwayi abubuwan jin daɗi na zahiri, haɓaka ƙwarewar mai amfani da aminci yayin aiki ko hulɗa.
Ganewar karimci: Yin amfani da fasahar hangen nesa na kwamfuta don kamawa da bincikar motsin ɗan adam, ba da damar mutummutumi don ba da amsa ga umarnin karimcin da ba na lamba ba da kuma cimma ikon sarrafa aiki mai hankali.
Maganar fuska da ƙididdige motsin rai: Robots na zamantakewa suna da tsarin bayyanar fuska da ikon gane motsin rai wanda zai iya bayyana motsin rai, don haka mafi dacewa da bukatun tunanin mutane da haɓaka tasirin sadarwa.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-05-2024
